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相关概念视频

Cognitive Development During Adulthood01:30

Cognitive Development During Adulthood

72
Cognitive development continues throughout adulthood, undergoing significant shifts across early, middle, and late stages. Individual transition occurs from adolescent idealism to pragmatic and adaptable thinking in early adulthood. During this period, individuals learn to integrate personal beliefs with the recognition that other perspectives are equally valid. Exposure to the complexities of modern society, diverse experiences, and higher education contribute to this adaptive thought process,...
72
High-Level and Low-Level Awareness01:19

High-Level and Low-Level Awareness

258
Controlled processes in human consciousness represent high-alert mental states where individuals deliberately focus their attention on achieving specific goals. Controlled processes can be seen in situations like mastering new technology, where a person might become so absorbed that they ignore surrounding distractions. Such processes involve selective attention, requiring one to concentrate on particular elements of experience while disregarding others. These are governed by executive...
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Naturalistic Observations02:30

Naturalistic Observations

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If you want to understand how behavior occurs, one of the best ways to gain information is to simply observe the behavior in its natural context. However, people might change their behavior in unexpected ways if they know they are being observed. How do researchers obtain accurate information when people tend to hide their natural behavior? As an example, imagine that your professor asks everyone in your class to raise their hand if they always wash their hands after using the restroom. Chances...
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Information Processing Approach01:30

Information Processing Approach

33
The information-processing theory of cognitive development centers on fundamental mental processes, including attention, memory, and problem-solving skills. Researchers in this field examine how cognitive abilities, such as working memory, evolve and influence children's overall development. Studies indicate that children with stronger working memory tend to excel in reading comprehension, math, and problem-solving compared to peers with less efficient memory skills. Low working memory is...
33
Revisionist Views of Adolescent and Adult Cognition01:24

Revisionist Views of Adolescent and Adult Cognition

28
A revisionist approach to Jean Piaget's theory of cognitive development has brought new insights that challenge and reinterpret his established ideas. Piaget proposed that the formal operational stage, emerging in adolescence, represents the culmination of cognitive maturity. During this stage, individuals are said to develop abstract thinking, engage in systematic problem-solving, and show a form of egocentrism, believing others are as preoccupied with their behavior as they are...
28
Piaget's Stage 3 of Cognitive Development01:17

Piaget's Stage 3 of Cognitive Development

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During Piaget's concrete operational stage, from ages 7 to 11, children exhibit a marked increase in logical thinking skills, specifically in relation to tangible, real-world events. This stage is characterized by the development of several essential cognitive concepts, including conservation, reversibility, and classification, all of which support the child's evolving capacity for structured thought.
Conservation and Constancy of Quantity
A significant cognitive milestone in the...
543

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相关实验视频

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A Method for Investigating Age-related Differences in the Functional Connectivity of Cognitive Control Networks Associated with Dimensional Change Card Sort Performance
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在四个看守时间表之间,更高层次的认知功能发生变化.

Jacob R Guzzetti1, Isabella Marando1, Raymond W Matthews2

  • 1Sleep and Chronobiology Laboratory, Behaviour-Brain-Body Research Centre, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia.

Sleep advances : a journal of the Sleep Research Society
|August 12, 2024
PubMed
概括
此摘要是机器生成的。

海上守望时间表会影响船员的认知功能. 一些时间表会损害表现,而另一些表现出一整天的认知稳定性下降,影响警和安全.

关键词:
认知功能 认知功能神经行为表现表现.轮班工作是轮班工作.睡眠限制 睡眠限制

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科学领域:

  • 海上安全的航行.
  • 人类因素 人类因素
  • 认知心理学 认知心理学

背景情况:

  • 海事行业依赖于24小时的24小时守望时间表来确保船员的安全.
  • 现有的时间表可能会让人感到疲劳,对警的注意力产生负面影响.
  • 替代性,优化睡眠时间表对更高阶认知功能的影响尚不清楚.

研究的目的:

  • 研究四种不同的守望时间表对海事人员更高层次认知功能的影响.
  • 通过与现实世界海上作业相关的任务来评估认知表现.
  • 为了比较不同时间表的认知功能的稳定性.

主要方法:

  • 这是一项为期10天的实验室研究,涉及27名参与者.
  • 四个守夜时间表的比较:8/8/4/4 (A),6/6 (B),4/4/4/4/4/4早睡 (C) 和4/4/4/4/4/4晚睡 (D).
  • 视觉扫描,学习,工作记忆,心理灵活性和视觉运动控制的评估每天2-3次",值班"期间.

主要成果:

  • 在B表 (6/6) 中,认知功能在大多数任务中排名最低.
  • 高级认知功能的稳定性在A表 (8/8/4/4),整个清醒的一天是最差的.
  • 在不同时间表中观察到认知能力的显著变化.

结论:

  • 守望时间表在海上环境中显著影响更高阶的认知功能.
  • 时间表B似乎对整体认知表现有害.
  • 附表A可能会导致观察期间认知稳定性的更大波动.
  • 研究结果强调了仔细考虑时间表设计的重要性,以优化认知功能和海上安全.