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经济困境和预期寿命的生态学
William Brinson Weeks1, Ji E Chang2, José A Pagán2
1Microsoft, AI for Good Lab, Redmond, WA, United States.
International journal of public health
|August 12, 2024
概括
2000-2019年间美国各县的预期寿命 (LE) 与种族和农村环境有关. 改善当地经济繁荣显著加速了LE的增长,突出了经济投资对健康的影响.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 卫生经济学 卫生经济学
- 社会学 社会学 社会学
背景情况:
- 预期寿命 (LE) 趋势在美国各地有很大的差异.
- 假设社会经济因素,包括当地经济条件和农村,会影响人口的健康结果.
- 了解经济繁荣,种族和LE之间的相互作用对于有针对性的公共卫生干预至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查2000年至2019年预期寿命 (LE) 变化与县级种族,农村地位和当地经济繁荣等因素之间的关联.
- 分析地方经济状况的变化如何与不同种族群体的LE变化以及农村-城市范围内的LE变化相关.
- 确定LE变化的关键决定因素,以告知政策和公共卫生战略.
主要方法:
- 从2000年到2019年对美国3,123个县的县级数据进行了回顾性分析.
- 在农村-城市连续性和当地经济繁荣五分位数中对LE的变化进行比较. 总体,白人和黑人人口.
- 评估LE在县的变化,这些县在当地经济繁荣方面有显著的改善或下降.
主要成果:
- 随着所有人口的经济繁荣和农村-城市连续的下降,预期寿命在2000年和2019年都持续下降 (p < 0.001).
- 2000年至2019年间,县经济繁荣的改善与预期寿命的更大增长 (p < 0.001) 显著相关.
- 种族,农村和当地经济困境都与县级预期寿命独立相关.
结论:
- 当地的经济困境和农村是与县级预期寿命相关的重要因素.
- 地方经济状况的改善与预期寿命的加速增长有关,这表明经济政策的健康外部性很明显.
- 决策者应该考虑经济状况的健康影响,以改善总体人口健康,特别是在经济不利的地区.
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