全球农业碳排放强度的下降最近已经停滞不前
Zhaohai Bai1, Nannan Zhang1, Wilfried Winiwarter2,3
1Key Laboratory of Agricultural Water Resources, Hebei Key Laboratory of Soil Ecology, Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Institute of Genetic and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shijiazhuang 050022, Hebei, China.
概括
食品生产中的温室气体 (GHG) 排放强度在过去60年里显著下降. 然而,最近一些地区的停滞和增长凸显了改善农业实践和优化贸易的必要性,以实现未来的减产.
科学领域:
- 农业科学 农业科学
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 气候变化研究 气候变化研究
背景情况:
- 全球粮食生产显著影响温室气体 (GHG) 排放.
- 了解温室气体排放强度的趋势对于减缓气候变化至关重要.
- 历史数据提供了有关排放强度变化的驱动因素的见解.
研究的目的:
- 系统地分析全球六十年 (1961-2019) 食品和料生产温室气体排放强度 (GHGi) 的变化.
- 确定温室气体i观察到的趋势背后的关键驱动因素.
- 探索国际贸易在调节全球和国家温室气体中的作用.
主要方法:
- 利用了来自FAOSTAT的全球数据,用于约180个国家和170种食品/料类型.
- 计算的温室气体排放强度为每公斤蛋白质生产的每公斤CO2eq.
- 从1961年到2019年分析了GHGi的时间趋势和空间异质性.
主要成果:
- 从1961年到2019年,全球温室气体减少了近三分之二,主要是由于农业的改善.
- 排放强度在最近十年停滞不前,一些国家显示与畜牧业生产和土地利用变化相关的增加.
- 蛋白质产品的国际贸易有可能减少全球温室气体,特别是有利于初始强度高的净进口国家.
结论:
- 持续减少温室气体需要更高的农业生产率和最大限度地减少土地利用变化在高排放强度的国家.
- 排放强度较低的国家应该专注于减缓畜牧业生产和加强农业贸易.
- 优化全球贸易模式进一步有助于减少粮食生产对环境的总体影响.
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