关于精神卫生保健中生成人工智能的辩论和困境:范围审查
Xuechang Xian1,2, Angela Chang1,3, Yu-Tao Xiang4
1Department of Communication, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR, China.
Interactive journal of medical research
|August 12, 2024
概括
生成型人工智能 (GAI) 在心理健康护理方面表现有前途,在检测,咨询和治疗方面具有关键应用. 然而,GAI应该补充,而不是取代人类专业人员,需要道德融合.
科学领域:
- 数字健康数字健康
- 人工智能在医学中的应用
- 心理健康技术 技术 心理健康技术
背景情况:
- 精神疾病是全球领先的健康负担.
- 生成型人工智能 (GAI) 为心理健康护理提供了创新潜力.
- 目前对GAI在心理健康中的应用的研究是有限的.
研究的目的:
- 审查关于生成人工智能 (GAI) 的当前知识状况.
- 识别和分类GAI在心理健康领域的关键应用.
- 整合和分析相关的科学文献.
主要方法:
- 从2013年到2023年搜索了8个主要数据库 (例如,PubMed,科学网)
- 包括英语或中文的实证研究,重点关注GAI对心理健康的益处.
- 综合了来自144篇文章的数据,其中44篇符合详细分析的纳入标准.
主要成果:
- 确定了六个关键的高级GAI用途:疾病检测,咨询,治疗,培训,决策支持和优化.
- 治疗应用 (43%) 和咨询支持 (30%) 是最常见的用途.
- 对特定疾病的研究有限;ChatGPT在检测中的有效性是不够的.
结论:
- GAI为心理健康护理提供了一个有价值的补充工具,增强了服务.
- 伦理和良心的整合至关重要,以最大限度地提高收益和减轻风险.
- 本综述指导未来的研究,实践和政策制定在GAI的心理健康.
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