临床人工智能:教学一个大型语言模型,以生成与GERD手术管理指南一致的建议
Bright Huo1, Nana Marfo2, Patricia Sylla3
1Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
Surgical endoscopy
|August 12, 2024
概括
定制的大型语言模型 (LLMs) 准确地指导胃食道逆流症 (GERD) 的外科治疗. 一个专门的GERD外科手术工具 (GTS) 超过了通用ChatGPT-4,为外科医生和患者提供了可靠的建议.
科学领域:
- 医疗信息学 医疗信息学
- 在外科手术中使用人工智能
- 临床决策支持系统 临床决策支持系统
背景情况:
- 大型语言模型 (LLM) 由于训练数据的局限性,在临床指导中表现出可变的准确性.
- LLM 具有定制能力,以提高其性能.
- 这项研究将一种通用LLM (ChatGPT-4) 与一种针对胃食道逆流症 (GERD) 手术管理建议的定制版本进行比较.
研究的目的:
- 为了评估通用ChatGPT-4模型与定制的LLM (GERD外科手术工具 - GTS) 在为GERD提供手术管理建议的准确性.
- 评估这些模型对外科专业人员和患者的性能.
主要方法:
- 根据SAGES和UEG-EAES的指导方针,开发了60例用于GERD外科治疗的病例.
- 为医生和患者的最终用户创建了标准化的提示.
- 一个定制的GPT (GTS) 接受了指导方针的培训;GTS和通用ChatGPT-4都被查询,他们的建议与既定的指导方针进行了比较.
主要成果:
- 定制的GTS在外科医生 (60/60) 和患者 (40/40) 的查询中实现了100%的准确性.
- 通用ChatGPT-4的准确性较低,在外科医生中为66.7% (40/60) 和患者中为47.5% (19/40).
- 该GTS引用了来自2021年SAGES和UEG-EAES指南的证据,与通用ChatGPT-4不同.
结论:
- 像ChatGPT-4这样的LLM的定制可以克服训练数据的局限性,为GERD提供准确和一致的外科治疗建议.
- 训练有素的LLM模型可以促进高效技术的整合,为临床医生和患者创造可靠的信息.
- 需要进一步的前性研究来验证定制的LLM在现实世界的临床环境中的有效性.
相关概念视频
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