通过EHR在西密歇根州农村和城市轻度认知障碍的比较
Xiaodan Zhang1, Martin Witteveen-Lane2, Christine Skovira1,2
1Department of Pediatrics and Human Development Michigan State University Grand Rapids Michigan USA.
Alzheimer's & dementia (New York, N. Y.)
|August 13, 2024
概括
农村地区的轻度认知障碍 (MCI) 诊断不足,而城市患者的发病率和获得神经治疗的机会更高. 风险因素各不相同,但常见的因素包括糖尿病和中风.
科学领域:
- 神经学 神经学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 老年病的医生 老年病的医生
背景情况:
- 轻度认知障碍 (MCI) 是一个关键的公共卫生问题,也是阿尔茨海默病 (AD) 的潜在前体.
- 电子健康记录 (EHR) 对人口健康趋势提供了有价值的见解,包括疾病发病率和护理获取的地理差异.
研究的目的:
- 通过使用EHR数据,调查西密歇根州MCI发病率,风险因素和医疗保健利用率的农村和城市差异.
- 确定与城市和农村人口中MCI相关的特定风险因素.
- 评估农村和城市患者在获得神经保健方面的差异.
主要方法:
- 分析了来自Corewell Health West的1,528,464名患者记录 (1/1/2015-7/31/2022).
- 使用ICD代码识别MCI病例 (45岁以上),不包括先前的痴呆/AD诊断.
- 检查发病率,风险因素 (Cox回归) 以及农村和城市环境中神经服务的转诊模式.
主要成果:
- 城市地区的MCI发病率较高 (3.83/1000人/年) 与农村地区的MCI发病率较高 (3.22/1000人/年),尽管包括痴呆症进展在内,农村地区的发病率会增加.
- 城市患者更容易获得和完成神经学推.
- 确定了城市特有的MCI风险因素 (听力损失,IBD,睡眠呼吸暂停,失眠,非裔美国人,体重不足) 和常见因素 (糖尿病,中风,年龄).
结论:
- 在MCI发病率和获得专业护理方面存在显著的农村和城市差异,这表明农村地区的潜在诊断不足.
- 对专家的访问减少可能导致农村人口中观察到的MCI率较低.
- 需要进一步研究社会经济和环境因素,以定制MCI预防和管理策略.
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