重复FIT (RFIT) 研究:重复的便免疫化学测试是否提供了保证,并改善了结直肠癌的检测?
Nicholas G Farkas1,2, Lampros Palyvos1, James W O'Brien1
1Minimal Access Therapy and Training Unit (MATTU), Royal Surrey County Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Guildford, UK.
概括
重复便免疫化学测试 (FIT) 可以帮助区分患有或没有结直肠癌 (CRC) 或显著肠道疾病 (SBD) 的患者. 然而,多次负FIT结果导致特异性降低和积极的预测值.
科学领域:
- 胃肠病学 胃肠病学
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 诊断医学 诊断医学 诊断医学
背景情况:
- 便免疫化学测试 (FIT) 是为结直肠癌 (CRC) 查而建立的.
- 在临床实践中,关于重复FIT (RFIT) 在临床实践中的有用性存在有限的数据.
- 该RFIT研究调查了串行FIT在提高诊断准确性的作用.
研究的目的:
- 评估重复FIT (第二次和第三次测试) 是否改善CRC和显著肠道疾病 (SBD) 的检测.
- 评估单个与多个FIT的诊断性能.
- 为了确定重复FIT是否为患者提供安慰.
主要方法:
- 一项前性观察性研究,涉及紧急转诊患者.
- 参与者完成了三次FIT,并接受了结肠镜检查.
- 诊断准确度指标 (灵敏度,特异性,PPV,NPV) 计算为一个,两个和三个FIT.
- 阴性 (<10μg/Hb/g) 与阳性 (≥10μg/Hb/g) FIT结果的比较.
主要成果:
- 连续负FIT的CRC灵敏度仍然很高 (95.7%),但特异性和NPV下降.
- 随着FIT的重复,SBD的敏感性增加了 (78.8%至86.3%),而特异性则下降了.
- 随着FIT检测结果的阳性,CRC检测率上升 (一到三次阳性测试的8.3%至20.9%).
- 平均FIT水平在CRC (150μg/g) 和良性病理 (<6μg/g) 之间有显著差异.
结论:
- 重复FIT增强了CRC/SBD患者和没有CRC/SBD患者之间的差异化.
- 虽然多个负FIT可能会提供保证,但它与减少的特异性和PPV有关.
- 重复FIT的临床实用性可能受到增加的研究和减少的特异性的限制.
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