美国18-44岁成年人中残疾和限制的趋势,2000-2018年
Anna Zajacova1, Rachel Margolis1
1University of Western Ontario, Department of Sociology, London, Ontorio N6A 5C2, Canada.
American journal of epidemiology
|August 13, 2024
概括
美国年轻成年人 (18-44岁) 中的残疾患病率从2000年至2018年增长了5%. 认知,社会和日常生活的局限性显著增加,突出了对这一人口群体进行专注研究和政策的需要.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 老年学是一门学科.
- 社会学 社会学 社会学
背景情况:
- 对于卫生和社会政策而言,残疾趋势至关重要.
- 研究一直专注于老年人,忽视了年轻人群.
- 了解年轻人的残疾对于未来人口健康至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 提供关于美国18-44岁成年人残疾趋势的全面证据.
- 分析不同类型残疾随时间变化的情况.
- 为医疗保健和社会政策提供有关年轻成人残疾的信息.
主要方法:
- 从国家健康访谈调查 (2000-2018) 中分析了20个残疾指标.
- 包括一个庞大的,具有全国代表性的样本 (n=261,905).
- 使用可靠的Poisson模型进行年龄和性别调整的趋势估计.
主要成果:
- 整体年龄调整后的残疾患病率增加了5% (27.4%报告至少有一种限制).
- 观察到日常生活活动,认知和社会残疾 (65%-89%) 的显著增加.
- 移动性限制显示适度增加,而听力和"其他"限制显著减少.
结论:
- 年轻成年人中的残疾趋势显著且多样化.
- 认知和社会障碍等特定限制正在急剧上升.
- 研究和政策必须解决年轻人的残疾趋势,而不仅仅是老年人群.
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