由Psen1突变引起的皮质神经退行是独立于Aβ的
Kuo Yan1, Chen Zhang1, Jongkyun Kang1
1Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115.
概括
在PSEN基因中的家族性阿尔茨海默病突变会导致独立于粉样β (Aβ) 的神经退行. 这表明一种功能丧失机制,而不是Aβ增加,在PSEN突变中驱动疾病进展.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 遗传学 是一个遗传学.
- 分子生物学分子生物学
背景情况:
- 普雷尼林 (PSEN) 基因的突变是家族性阿尔茨海默病 (AD) 的主要原因.
- 普列尼林 (PS) 是g-分泌酶的催化子单元,对于裂解粉样蛋白前体蛋白 (APP) 和释放Aβ至关重要.
- 目前有争议的是,PSEN突变是否会通过基本功能的丧失或Aβ42 / Aβ40比率的增加导致AD.
研究的目的:
- 调查Psen1 L435F突变是否会导致独立于Aβ生产的年龄相关神经退行.
- 确定家族性阿尔茨海默病中PSEN突变的致病机制.
主要方法:
- 产生了携带Psen1 L435F突变的诺金 (KI) 老鼠,这是一个严重的家族AD突变.
- 交叉Psen1突变小鼠与App-null小鼠,以消除Aβ生产.
- 评估了年龄相关的神经退行,皮质体积,神经元数量,细胞死亡和微质症.
主要成果:
- 在Psen1突变小鼠中,通过APP缺乏完全去除Aβ并不能防止年龄相关的皮质神经退行.
- 在App-null Psen1突变小鼠中,皮层体积减少和神经元损失在12个月和18个月内持续存在.
- 在Psen1突变小鼠中,APP缺乏并没有缓解增加的亡细胞死亡或微化.
结论:
- PSEN1突变会导致独立于Aβ生产的年龄相关神经退行.
- 这些发现支持PSEN突变在家族性阿尔茨海默氏症病原体中的功能丧失机制.
- 这项研究强调了PSEN与Aβ无关的功能在神经元生存中的关键作用.
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