食和体重的中央调节通过毛 GPR7575
Yiao Jiang1,2, Yu Xun1,2, Zhao Zhang1,2
1Center for the Genetics of Host Defense and.
The Journal of clinical investigation
|August 13, 2024
概括
G蛋白结合受体75 (GPR75) 的遗传变异与较低的体重指数 (BMI) 有关. 这项研究揭示了GPR75是一种脑表达的纤维蛋白,调节食物摄入量和体重.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 遗传学 是一个遗传学.
- 代谢过程中的代谢.
背景情况:
- 人类外体序列测序研究将G蛋白合受体75 (GPR75) 变体与较低的体重指数 (BMI) 联系起来.
- GPR75影响人体体重调节的确切机制尚不清楚.
研究的目的:
- 研究GPR75在调节体重和食物摄入中的作用.
- 为了阐明GPR75在大脑中的细胞定位和信号通路.
主要方法:
- 随机生殖基因突变发生在小鼠中,以确定影响表型的Gpr75等位基因.
- 产生和分析Gpr75-Knockout (Gpr75-/-) 的小鼠.
- 免疫组织化学和生物化学测试以确定GPR75的表达,定位和相互作用.
主要成果:
- 一个错误的Gpr75等位基因 (更薄) 和Gpr75缺乏导致小鼠的体重和脂肪减少.
- Gpr75淘汰赛小鼠的食物摄入量有所减少,特别是在高脂肪饮食 (HFD) 上,在配对养后正常化.
- 仅在脑组织中发现GPR75,局限于下丘脑细胞的初级乳毛,并与Gαq.交互.
- 薄型突变和人类低BMI GPR75变体损害了状细胞局部化.
结论:
- GPR75 作为大脑中的纤维蛋白来调节食物摄入.
- GPR75功能的丧失特别影响HFD养小鼠的体重增加,这表明在饮食诱导的肥胖中发挥了作用.
- 在体重调节中GPR75的作用与涉及勒和腺酸环酶3的途径不同.
相关概念视频
01:30Regulation of Food Intake
205
Short-term regulation of food intake primarily involves neural signals from the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, blood nutrient levels, and GI tract hormones. Communication between the gut and brain via vagal nerve fibers plays a significant role in evaluating the contents of the gut. Clinical studies have shown that protein ingestion produces a more prolonged response in these nerve fibers compared to an equivalent amount of glucose. Additionally, the activation of stretch receptors caused by GI...
205
01:09GPCRs Regulate Adenylyl Cylase Activity
5.4K
Some GPCRs transmit signals through adenylyl cyclase (AC), a transmembrane enzyme. AC helps synthesize second messenger cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP). AC catalyzes cyclization reaction and converts ATP to cAMP by releasing a pyrophosphate. The pyrophosphate is further hydrolyzed to phosphate by the enzyme pyrophosphatase, which drives cAMP synthesis to completion. However, cAMP is rapidly degraded to 5′ AMP by the enzymes phosphodiesterase (PDE), preventing overstimulation of...
5.4K
01:37Neural Regulation
39.2K
Digestion begins with a cephalic phase that prepares the digestive system to receive food. When our brain processes visual or olfactory information about food, it triggers impulses in the cranial nerves innervating the salivary glands and stomach to prepare for food.
39.2K
01:40Hormonal Regulation
43.2K
Hormones regulate a significant portion of digestion through activation of the neuroendocrine system. The neuroendocrine system of digestion contains many different hormones all with multiple functions that are both, directly and indirectly, involved in digestion.
43.2K
01:15G Protein-coupled Receptors
11.6K
G Protein-Coupled Receptors or GPCRs are membrane-bound receptors that transiently associate with heterotrimeric G proteins and induce an appropriate response to sensory stimuli such as light, odors, hormones, cytokines, or neurotransmitters.
GPCRs are also called heptahelical, 7TM, or serpentine receptors, and consist of seven (H1-H7) transmembrane alpha-helices that span the bilayer to form a cylindrical core. The transmembrane helices are connected by three extracellular loops and three...
GPCRs are also called heptahelical, 7TM, or serpentine receptors, and consist of seven (H1-H7) transmembrane alpha-helices that span the bilayer to form a cylindrical core. The transmembrane helices are connected by three extracellular loops and three...
11.6K
01:27Feedback Regulation of Calcium Concentration
3.4K
Calcium is an essential signaling molecule required for various cellular functions. Calcium pumps and ion channels on cell and organellar membranes, such as those on the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), regulate calcium concentrations inside the cell. They remain closed, keeping the cytosolic calcium levels low at a resting state.
Various transmembrane receptors, such as G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), elicit a response to extracellular signals by increasing cytosolic calcium. Activated GPCRs...
Various transmembrane receptors, such as G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), elicit a response to extracellular signals by increasing cytosolic calcium. Activated GPCRs...
3.4K