语音错误模式可能是瑞典自闭症学龄前儿童语言障碍的信号
Carmela Miniscalco1,2, Anna-Clara Reinholdson2, Christopher Gillberg1,2
1Gillberg Neuropsychiatry Centre, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
International journal of language & communication disorders
|August 13, 2024
概括
许多患有自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 的学龄前儿童表现出语音和语言缺陷,无论他们的非语言能力如何. 语音错误模式可能表明ASD儿童的语言问题.
科学领域:
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 语言学的语言学.
- 临床心理学 临床心理学
背景情况:
- 自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 在儿童语言能力中表现出显著的变化.
- 之前的假设表明,自闭症患者的发音/声学要么延迟,要么优异,与其他能力相比,对语音技能的理解有限.
- 瑞典学龄前儿童有自闭症的语音能力知之甚少,特别是关于语言和非语言技能.
研究的目的:
- 分析4-6岁儿童与ASD的语言变异.
- 对语音错误模式进行深入分析.
- 检查这些模式与非声学语言障碍和非语言延迟有关.
主要方法:
- 检查了与接收语言相关的语音技能 (辅音库存,正确百分比,错误模式).
- 分析了73名被诊断患有自闭症的学龄前儿童的数据,这些儿童通过基于人口的查来确定.
- 参与者根据接收性语言和非语言能力分为几组:ALD (语言延迟/没有非语言延迟的障碍),AGD (语言延迟/具有非语言延迟的障碍) 和ALN (正常的语言和非语言能力).
主要成果:
- 40%的孩子患有ALD,37%患有AGD,23%患有ALN.
- 与ALN组相比,患有ALD和AGD的儿童表现出明显更多的非典型语音错误模式.
- 这表明语言/非语言能力与ASD学龄前儿童的语音产生之间存在联系.
结论:
- 相当一部分患有自闭症的学前儿童 (有或没有非语言延迟) 在语言和语音能力方面都表现出缺陷.
- 语音错误模式成为潜在的临床标志物,用于识别ASD学龄前儿童的语言问题.
- 了解这些声学模式对于诊断和干预至关重要,可能会通过有针对性的声学治疗来获得语言收益.
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