移民身份与西班牙自我评估健康状况的关联:2014-2020年
Luisa N Borrell1, Nerea Lanborena2, Sara Yago-González3
1Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Graduate School of Public Health & Health Policy, The City University of New York, New York, United States of America; Department of Surgery, Medical and Social Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Spain.
Preventive medicine
|August 13, 2024
概括
居住在西班牙6至15年的移民报告说,与2014年和2020年的本地人相比,他们的健康状况更差. 这些健康不平等并没有因性别或社会支持水平而有所不同.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 社会学 社会学 社会学
- 健康差异 在健康上的差异
背景情况:
- 移民是健康的重要社会决定因素.
- 了解移民和本地人群之间的健康不平等对于公共卫生政策至关重要.
- 自评健康 (SRH) 是总体人口健康的关键指标.
研究的目的:
- 分析西班牙移民和本土人口在自我评估健康方面的差异.
- 调查2014年至2020年期间这些不平等的变化.
- 确定性别和社会支持是否会改变这些健康差异.
主要方法:
- 使用欧洲健康访谈调查 (西班牙,2014年和2020年) 进行的横截面研究.
- 包括18岁及以上的成年人.
- 波桑回归分析了根据移民身份和逗留时间的自我评估健康状况 (好与坏/差),控制共变量. 对调查年,性别/性别和社会支持进行测试的交互术语.
主要成果:
- 与本地西班牙人相比,在西班牙居住6至15年的移民报告健康状况不好/自我评估不良的可能性更高.
- 这种增加的概率在2014年 (PR 1.34,95% CI: 1.18-1.53) 和2020年 (PR 1.48,95% CI: 1.28-1.75) 都被观察到.
- 对于性别/性别 (p=0.41) 或社会支持 (p=0.71),没有发现任何显著的相互作用,这表明这些因素没有改变关联.
结论:
- 在西班牙的移民和本土人口之间存在着自我评估健康的持续不平等.
- 这些发现强调了需要有针对性的干预措施来解决移民之间的健康差异.
- 进一步的研究应该探索导致该人口随着时间的推移而导致自我健康不良的潜在因素.
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