味觉厌恶训练可以教育自由活动的鱼对抗有毒入侵者
Georgia Ward-Fear1, Miles Bruny2, The Bunuba Rangers3
1School of Natural Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales 2109, Australia.
Proceedings. Biological sciences
|August 13, 2024
概括
保护像淡水鱼这样的顶级捕食者至关重要. 一项新的研究表明,使用青诱成功地减少了澳大利亚有毒的甘青导致的鱼死亡.
科学领域:
- 生态生态学 生态生态学
- 保护生物学 保护生物学
- 野生动物管理 野生动物管理
背景情况:
- 顶级捕食者,如淡水鱼 (Crocodylus johnstoni),对于生态系统的健康至关重要.
- 侵入性甘青 (Rhinella marina) 对澳大利亚淡水鱼种群构成重大威胁,由于毒性摄入,造成超过70%的死亡率.
- 有条件的味觉厌恶 (CTA) 在实验室环境中被确定为一种潜在的方法来阻止的消费.
研究的目的:
- 评估受条件的味觉厌恶 (CTA) 在降低甘青对淡水的毒性影响方面对景观规模的有效性.
- 将CTA的实验室发现转化为对顶级捕食者的实用,现场的保护战略.
主要方法:
- 在澳大利亚西北部的四个峡谷系统中,部署了2,395个诱,包括用一种引起恶心的化学物质处理的尸.
- 通过远程摄像头监控食消费,通过调查量化鱼数量.
- 比较鱼死亡率在诱 (治疗) 场所和没有诱 (控制) 场所的鱼死亡率.
主要成果:
- 自由散居的鱼表现出快速的学习,避免青的诱,同时继续食用对照的诱 ().
- 青入侵的地点显示,对照地点的鱼死亡率很高,但治疗地点的死亡率明显降低.
- 连续多年在连接的水系统中反复食,显示出对鱼生存的持续积极影响.
结论:
- 景观规模的诱有效地减少了入侵性甘青对淡水鱼的致命影响.
- 这种基于CTA的管理策略提供了一种可行的方法,用于缓冲顶级捕食者种群对入侵物种威胁的缓冲.
- 该研究成功地证明了对面临生态危机的脆弱顶级捕食者的实际保护干预.
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