影响移民医疗保健工作者在适应新医疗环境时所面临的挑战:范围审查
Asem Al-Btoush1,2, Charbel El-Bcheraoui3
1Evidence-Based Public Health Unit (ZIG2), Center for International Health Protection, Robert Koch Institute, Nordufer 20, 13353, Berlin, Germany.
移民医疗保健工作者在高收入国家面临融入挑战. 量身定制的支持和文化能力培训对于他们的保留和缓解全球医疗保健工作人员短缺至关重要.
科学领域:
- 医疗保健工作人员研究研究.
- 移民与健康 移民与健康
- 医疗保健中的社会经济因素
背景情况:
- 由于人口老龄化和需求增加,全球医疗保健系统面临劳动力短缺问题.
- 来自低收入和中等收入国家 (LMICs) 的移民医疗保健工作者 (MHCWs) 对于解决高收入国家 (HICs) 的短缺问题至关重要.
- 大型重症工作者面临着适应新环境的重大挑战,冒着离开的风险,并加剧了劳动力赤字.
研究的目的:
- 审查和综合MHCW在适应新国家和外国工作环境时遇到的障碍.
- 确定影响HIC中MHCW的保留和工作满意度的因素.
- 为基于证据的政策制定提供信息,以便更好地整合MHCWs.
主要方法:
- 按照PRISMA指南进行系统的文献审查.
- 在PubMed和Embase数据库中对2000年以后发表的横截面研究进行的搜索.
- 使用AXIS工具进行数据提取和质量评估,对从LMIC到HIC的MHCW进行研究.
主要成果:
- 分析了14篇文章,涵盖了欧洲,美国,加拿大,澳大利亚,新西兰和以色列的1,025个MHCW.
- 障碍包括适应文化压力,官僚和就业挑战,以及本地和非本地员工之间的差异.
- 整合的成功受到了东道国的时间和导向计划的影响,并注意到了显著的性别差异.
结论:
- 文化能力培训和定制支持对于MHCW整合和工作满意度至关重要.
- 导向计划和逗留时间显著影响MHCW留在东道国的意图.
- 需要整体战略来支持MHCW整合,使医疗保健系统和整体福祉受益.
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