一个健康:对趋势和主题进行结构化审查和评论
Helen Louise Brown1, Isabella Grace Pursley2, Daniel L Horton2
1School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Sir Martin Evans Building, Museum Avenue, Cardiff, CF10 3AX, UK. brownh19@cardiff.ac.uk.
One health outlook
|August 13, 2024
概括
一个健康的方法,连接人类,动物和生态系统的健康,主要是以人类为中心的研究. 建议对环境科学和社会科学进行更广泛的纳入,以实现更全面的"一个健康"战略.
科学领域:
- 跨学科健康研究 跨学科健康研究
- 生态与环境科学 生态与环境科学
- 兽医医学 兽医医学 兽医医学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 一个健康 (OH) 是一种综合方法,以平衡人类,动物和生态系统的健康,认识到它们的相互依赖.
- OH解决了诸如动物传播疾病和抗菌素耐药性 (AMR) 等复杂的全球问题,需要多学科的投入.
- 在文献中对OH的不同解释可能会减弱其影响;本研究分析了其在二十年中的演变和区域采用.
研究的目的:
- 分析过去二十年来One Health (OH) 文献的演变.
- 确定OH方法应用中的主要主题,趋势和区域差异.
- 评估OH研究领域中人类,动物和环境健康的重点平衡.
主要方法:
- 在文献数据库 (Web of Science,PubMed) 中搜索了"One Health",并结合了兽医,动物,人类,环境或生态系统的术语 (1980-2022).
- 数据分析和叙事合成被用来识别文献中的主题,相似之处和差异.
- 分析了出版数据,以了解区域代表性,特别是来自低收入和中等收入国家的作家的作用.
主要成果:
- 大多数文献主要集中在人类健康上,其次是兽医健康,通常是为了人类的福祉.
- 一个健康的方法经常被应用为公共卫生战略,主要用于疾病监测和控制.
- 虽然来自低收入和中等收入国家的作者对研究做出了重大贡献,但作为相应的作者,他们的代表性明显较低.
结论:
- 目前的一体健康文献主要以人为中心,尽管该概念强调跨领域的共同健康.
- 为了实现更全面,更有效的"健康一体"方法,环境科学和社会科学的更大整合至关重要.
- 未来的研究应该旨在扩大OH的范围,使其在人类和动物健康之外,同样包括环境和社会维度.
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