飞行期间军用飞行员的心率变化:一个范围审查
Amanda Brandello Farias Soares1, Marcelo Furtado de Almeida2, Emerson Franchini3
1Postgraduate Program in Human Operational Performance, Air Force University, Brazilian Air Force, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21740-002, Brazil.
Military medicine
|August 14, 2024
概括
这次审查表明,飞行显著改变了军用飞行员的自主神经系统活动,影响了他们的工作量. 心率变化 (HRV) 指数揭示了飞行期间和之后的这些变化,突出了了解恢复时间的必要性.
科学领域:
- 航空航天医学 航空航天医学
- 人类因素工程 人类因素工程
- 心血管生理学心血管生理学
背景情况:
- 飞机驾驶是一项苛刻的多任务活动,导致飞行员的工作量很高.
- 过度的工作量会降低性能,并危及飞行安全.
- 心率变化 (HRV) 是评估操作员工作量和自主神经系统 (ANS) 压力/恢复的工具.
研究的目的:
- 系统地绘制关于军事飞行员在飞行过程中自主调制变化的研究.
- 用HRV来描述飞行员在不同飞行时间和配置文件中的工作量.
- 了解飞行对飞行员自主调制的影响.
主要方法:
- 进行了MEDLINE,SCOPUS和LILACS (2002-2022) 的文献范围审查.
- 包括分析军事飞行员在实际或模拟飞行中的HRV的研究.
- 排除了不涉及试点活动的研究,遵守PRISMA-ScR指南.
主要成果:
- 包括19项研究,分析了各种飞机类型和飞行模拟器.
- 真实和模拟飞行都引发了显著的ANS变化,一些影响持续到降落后5小时.
- 特定的HRV指数 (例如,SDNN,SD1,SD2,LF/HF比率) 有效地识别了真实和模拟飞行中的工作负载变化.
结论:
- 飞行显著影响军用飞行员的自主调节,其特点是同情活动增加.
- 不同的HRV领域对飞行需求的敏感性各不相同.
- 了解恢复期间的自主变化对于优化飞行后休息和未来对工作负载限制的研究至关重要.
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