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在单细胞分辨率下老化的人类腹部皮下白色脂肪组织
K L Whytock1, A Divoux1, Y Sun2
1Translational Research Institute, AdventHealth, Orlando, Florida, USA.
Aging cell
|August 14, 2024
概括
老化白脂肪组织 (WAT) 显示细胞变化,包括更大的脂肪细胞和增加的免疫细胞,在老年人中没有显著的纤维化或胰岛素敏感性丧失.
科学领域:
- 代谢健康和衰老研究.
- 脂肪组织生物学和细胞衰老.
背景情况:
- 白色脂肪组织 (WAT) 对于储能和代谢健康至关重要,但其功能随着年龄的增长而发生变化.
- 了解WAT中与年龄相关的细胞变化对于维持代谢平衡至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 在衰老过程中识别人类腹部皮下WAT细胞特异性转录变化.
- 在年轻人与老年人中描述WAT的细胞和分子格局.
主要方法:
- 使用全长单核RNA测序 (snRNA-Seq) 和组织学.
- 从年轻 (≤30岁) 和年长 (≥65岁) 个体的腹部皮下WAT分析,根据性别和BMI平衡.
- 年龄组之间的关键代谢和内分泌标志物的比较.
主要成果:
- 老年人表现出脂肪细胞大小增加 (超) 和WAT中脂质相关巨细胞和巨细胞的比例更高.
- 衰老的WAT在脂肪细胞,前脂肪细胞和血管细胞中显示出与纤维化相关的免疫反应,CXCL14被确定为潜在的生物标志物.
- 在老年WAT的特定脂肪细胞亚群中观察到升高的衰老标志物p16,尽管没有明显的纤维化或WAT胰岛素敏感性的显著差异.
- 年龄较大的个体胆固醇,VLDL,甘油三,TSH和AST水平较高.
结论:
- 衰老的人类WAT经历了显著的细胞和转录性转变,包括脂肪细胞缩,免疫细胞种群的改变和衰老标志物的增加.
- 尽管有这些变化,这个队列中的老年WAT与年轻人相比没有表现出明显的纤维化或胰岛素敏感性受损.
- 在WAT中,CXCL14成为与年龄相关的免疫和纤维化过程的潜在生物标志物.
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