评估加纳通过环境二氧化碳度在多个医疗保健层面的通风
Cecilia Crews1, Paul Angwaawie2, Alhassan Abdul-Mumin3,4
1Department of Population and Family Health, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, New York, United States of America.
医疗保健机构的自然通风可以显著降低二氧化碳 (CO2) 水平,这表明空气质量有所改善. 这种低成本的感染预防和控制 (IPC) 战略对于初级医疗保健至关重要,特别是在资源有限的地区.
科学领域:
- 环境健康 环境健康
- 预防和控制感染的预防和控制.
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 感染预防和控制 (IPC) 措施对于面临不断变化的传染病威胁的初级医疗保健系统至关重要.
- 气候变化,全球流动性和疫苗犹需要适应性和低成本的IPC战略.
- 自然通风是一种未充分利用的,具有成本效益的IPC措施,特别是在资源较低的环境中.
研究的目的:
- 探索自然通风的作用和有效性,作为卫生设施中"始终在线"的低成本IPC方法.
- 用环境二氧化碳 (CO2) 水平作为代理指标来评估通风的有效性.
- 为了比较加纳北部有和没有自然通风的医疗保健机构的二氧化碳度.
主要方法:
- 在加纳北部进行了为期三个月的研究,涉及40个设施 (90%是医疗保健) 的有目的抽样.
- 在各种医疗保健和社区环境中使用手持设备测量环境二氧化碳百万分之一部分 (ppm).
- 基于存在自然通风 (开放的窗户,门或墙壁) 的二氧化碳水平的比较分析.
主要成果:
- 有自然通风的设施的二氧化碳度明显较低 (663 ppm与1378 ppm相比,p = 0.0043).
- 87%的自然通风设施达到国际二氧化碳<800 ppm的值,而没有自然通风的设施则为10% (p < 0.0001).
- 自然通风与较低的二氧化碳水平密切相关 (或二氧化碳<800 ppm:21.7;或二氧化碳<1000 ppm:16.8).
结论:
- 自然通风是实现卫生设施中较低二氧化碳度的持续有效和显著相关因素.
- 这种低成本的IPC措施特别有利于社区卫生设施,并可以作为综合IPC战略的蓝图.
- 测量二氧化碳水平可以提高卫生保健工作者和公共卫生专业人员对通风改进的理解和定位.
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