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在老年初级保健患者中,听力损失,外围神经病变,平衡和生存之间的关联

James W Mold¹, Frank H Lawler¹, Xiaolan Liao²

¹Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.

Journal of the American Geriatrics Society

|August 14, 2024

概括

与年龄相关的听力损失和外围神经病变在老年人中很常见,并且独立地与过早死亡有关. 失衡可能部分解释了这种关联,强调了需要综合老年护理的需要.

科学领域:

老年学是一门学科.
流行病学流行病学
临床医学临床医学

背景情况:

年龄相关听力损失 (AAHL) 和外周神经病变 (PN) 是老年人中普遍存在的疾病.
无论是AAHL还是PN,都独立地与不良健康结果有关,包括平衡障碍,跌倒和死亡率增加.
了解感官和神经缺陷之间的相互作用及其对寿命的影响对于老年护理至关重要.

研究的目的:

确定老年初级保健患者中AAHL的患病率和严重程度.
调查AAHL,PN,平衡,步态,跌倒和死亡率之间的关联.
探索AAHL/PN与死亡率之间的关系中的潜在调解因素,如平衡.

主要方法:

分析了1999年收集的793名初级保健患者的数据,这些数据来自OkLAHOMA研究.
包括人口统计,健康信息,跌倒史,听力测量,平衡测试,神经学检查和步行速度.
使用比例危险 (PH) 和结构方程建模 (SEM) 进行关联分析,可追踪死亡率长达22年.

主要成果:

63%的参与者患有AAHL,32%患有PN.
中度/重度AAHL和PN都与平衡障碍,增加步行时间和减少生存时间 (p < 0.0001) 有关.
在AAHL和PN的组合预测早期死亡率比单独的条件更强,平衡障碍部分介导对生存的影响.

结论:

AAHL和PN独立地和附加地与老年人过早死亡有关.
失衡似乎是AAHL/PN与死亡率之间关系的重要调解者.
这些发现强调了老年人群死亡风险的复杂性和多因素性质,以及解决感官和神经健康问题的重要性.

关键词:

年龄相关的听力损失.这是一个平衡的平衡,平衡的平衡.年长的老人老年人老年人.听力损失听力损失是什么死亡率死亡率周围神经病变 (Peripheral Neuropathy) 是一种神经病变.普雷斯比库西斯是什么意思主要护理是一级医疗保健.

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