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尼古丁依赖人类的社会可控性的异常神经计算
Caroline McLaughlin1,2,3, Qi Xiu Fu1,2,3, Soojung Na1,2,3
1Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
Communications biology
|August 14, 2024
概括
吸烟者低估了他们在社交场合的控制力,影响了决策. 这种神经计算在社会控制能力上的缺陷可能解释了尼古丁依赖的认知挑战.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 社会心理学 社会心理学
- 成研究 研究成研究
背景情况:
- 社会可控性对于有效的决策至关重要.
- 社交控制障碍可能与吸烟等不适应性行为有关,通常发生在社会上.
- 尼古丁依赖与社会认知缺陷有关.
研究的目的:
- 研究尼古丁依赖症患者的社会可控性.
- 探索吸烟者与非吸烟者的社会决策背后的神经计算机制.
- 确定减少感知控制如何影响社会环境中的行为.
主要方法:
- 功能磁共振成像 (fMRI) 任务涉及与模拟合作伙伴的社交互动.
- 计算建模用于分析决策过程和感知控制.
- 在大型在线样本中复制发现.
主要成果:
- 与非吸烟者相比,吸烟者低估了他们的影响力,并报告说,与非吸烟者相比,他们的控制感较低.
- 吸烟者对预测的选择值 (腹中前额叶皮层) 的追踪减少,以及社会预测错误计算 (中脑) 的受损.
- 在fMRI和在线研究样本中,研究结果都很强大.
结论:
- 吸烟者在需要控制的社交互动期间,在准确估计个人影响力方面表现出缺陷.
- 在社会预测和价值跟踪方面的神经计算障碍有助于尼古丁依赖的社会认知缺陷.
- 这些发现为吸烟者的社会认知障碍提供了神经计算解释.
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