大气中二氧化碳度的上升增加了低收入国家和中高收入国家之间的大米产量差距
Lian Song1, Ye Tao1,2, Kees Jan van Groenigen3
1State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China.
Nature food
|August 14, 2024
概括
随着二氧化碳水平的上升,大米产量增加,但气温的升温造成了差异. 全球大米产量预计将增加,但由于气候变化对大米作物的影响,低收入国家可能面临更大的挑战.
科学领域:
- 农业科学 农业科学
- 气候变化研究 气候变化研究
- 植物生理学作物生理学
背景情况:
- 预计大气中二氧化碳 (CO2) 度的增加将提高未来的水产量.
- 子亚种之间的二氧化碳施肥效应 (CFE) 的变化以及全球变暖的影响使得收成预测变得不确定.
- 米是数十亿人的主食,使其产量预测对全球粮食安全至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 通过元分析和作物建模,评估二氧化碳增加对全球大米产量的影响.
- 为了研究不同子亚种的二氧化碳受精效应和温度之间的关系.
- 预测未来的全球大米产量,并分析产量变化的基于收入的差异.
主要方法:
- 进行了对实地实验的元分析,检查高CO2对大米的影响.
- 采用作物建模来模拟14个最大的米生产国未来的米产量.
- 分析了CFE和温度之间的抛物线关系,考虑了米子种之间的差异.
主要成果:
- 确定了大米CFE和温度之间强烈的抛物线关系,具有显著的亚种特定变化.
- 预计到20世纪50年代,由于CFE,全球大米产量将增加50.32万 (7.6%).
- 预计中高收入和低收入国家之间的收益率差距将在二氧化碳增加的情况下从2030年代扩大到2090年代.
结论:
- 二氧化碳施肥效应在未来的米生产中起着至关重要的作用.
- 全球变暖加剧了收益差异,不成比例地影响了低收入国家.
- 增加对低收入国家大米生产系统的研究和技术投资至关重要.
更多相关视频
09:03Assessment of Methane and Nitrous Oxide Fluxes from Paddy Field by Means of Static Closed Chambers Maintaining Plants Within Headspace
Published on: September 6, 2018
12.2K
10:19A CO2 Concentration Gradient Facility for Testing CO2 Enrichment and Soil Effects on Grassland Ecosystem Function
Published on: November 21, 2015
11.4K
相关概念视频
What is Climate?
18.4K
Climate refers to the prevailing weather conditions in a specific area over an extended period. As the saying goes, “Climate is what you expect. Weather is what you get.” Climate is influenced by geographic factors, such as latitude, terrain, and proximity to bodies of water.
18.4K
Responses to Drought and Flooding
10.6K
Water plays a significant role in the life cycle of plants. However, insufficient or excess of water can be detrimental and pose a serious threat to plants.
10.6K
Plant Breeding and Biotechnology
18.9K
Crop cultivation has a long history in human civilization, with records showing the cultivation of cereal plants beginning at around 8000 BC. This early plant breeding was developed primarily to provide a steady supply of food.
18.9K
The Calvin Benson Cycle
4.5K
Ribulose 1,5- bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (RuBisCo) is a critical enzyme that catalyzes carbon dioxide assimilation during photosynthesis. However, it is an inefficient enzyme, having an extremely slow catalytic rate. A typical enzyme can process about a thousand molecules per second; however, RuBisCo fixes only around three-carbon dioxides per second. Photosynthetic cells compensate for this slow rate by synthesizing very high amounts of RuBisCo, making it the most abundant single...
4.5K
Adaptations that Reduce Water Loss
25.3K
Though evaporation from plant leaves drives transpiration, it also results in loss of water. Because water is critical for photosynthetic reactions and other cellular processes, evolutionary pressures on plants in different environments have driven the acquisition of adaptations that reduce water loss.
25.3K
The Carbon Cycle
37.2K
Carbon is the basis of all organic matter on Earth, and is recycled through the ecosystem in two primary processes: one in which carbon is exchanged among living organisms, and one in which carbon is cycled over long periods of time through fossilized organic remains, weathering of rocks, and volcanic activity. Human activities, including increased agricultural practices and the burning of fossil fuels, has greatly affected the balance of the natural carbon cycle.
37.2K
