复合营养大米和普通大米之间的口味和物理化学性质的差异
Dongmeng Zhang1,2, Jian Li3,4,5, Dongping Yao6
1State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Hunan Hybrid Rice Research Center, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, China.
复合营养大米比普通大米含有更高的蛋白质和粉,但含有更低的GABA和耐药粉. 加工改变了粉结构,影响了味道质量,表明需要营养和感官改善.
科学领域:
- 食品科学 食品科学 食品科学
- 营养科学 营养科学
- 材料科学 材料科学 材料科学
背景情况:
- 复合营养大米是通过将米粉与谷物,豆类和土豆等其他成分结合而制造的.
- 处理方法,如在高温和高压下挤出,用于制造人工大米粒.
- 了解这些过程对营养含量和感官属性的影响对于产品开发至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了比较复合营养大米与普通大米的物理化学特性和品质.
- 为了研究粉因加工成复合营养大米而发生的结构变化.
- 为了确定改善复合营养大米的营养平衡和味道的领域.
主要方法:
- 分析蛋白质,表面粉素,胺黄油酸 (GABA),耐药粉和食纤维含量.
- 福里埃变换红外光谱学 (FTIR) 和X射线衍射 (XRD) 用于结构分析.
- 使用人工品味和品味仪进行感官评估.
主要成果:
- 与普通大米相比,复合营养大米的蛋白质含量高 (高达9.775%) 和明显的粉含量高 (高达19.45%).
- 在复合大米中观察到较低的胺黄油酸 (GABA) 和耐药粉水平;食纤维含量相当.
- 由于加工,FTIR和XRD显示了粉特性和V形晶体结构的显著变化;味道质量通常较差.
结论:
- 复合营养大米在营养平衡和味道质量方面存在挑战.
- 加工显著改变了粉结构,对感官属性产生了负面影响.
- 未来的发展应该优先提高营养特征和味道,以提高消费者接受度.
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