对精神分裂症和其他精神疾病中的语义网络进行长度研究,使用单词关联任务
Andrea Stephanie Pintos1, Christy Lai-Ming Hui1, Simon De Deyne2
1Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
词汇关联中的语义相似性提供了对精神病的洞察力. 患者随着时间的推移增加的语义相似性与减少的正式思维障碍症状相关,这表明一种类似状态的措施.
科学领域:
- 心理语言学 心理语言学
- 计算语言学 计算语言学
- 临床心理学 临床心理学
背景情况:
- 语言偏差,如正式思维障碍和妄想,是精神病的关键症状,但其潜在机制尚未完全理解.
- 语义网络,代表词汇关联,可以提供对精神病障碍所影响的认知过程的见解.
- 以前的研究还没有充分探索语义网络特征对精神病临床结果的预测价值.
研究的目的:
- 调查从单词关联中获得的语义网络是否可以预测精神疾病患者的临床结果.
- 检查与临床状态有关的语义相似性和网络结构随着时间的推移而发生的动态变化.
- 在精神病中区分状态类 (过渡性) 和特征类 (稳定性) 的语义措施.
主要方法:
- 51名精神分裂症/精神疾病患者和51名健康对照完成了广东语持续词汇关联任务.
- 用词嵌入 (fastText) 来测量语义相似性,并分析语义网络结构.
- 纵向设计 (基线和6个月) 追踪了语义测量和临床症状的变化,包括正式的思维障碍.
主要成果:
- 在患者中,语义相似性随着时间的推移而增加,但在对照组中保持稳定,表明了类似状态的变化.
- 语义相似性的变化与正式思维障碍症状的改善有显著的相关性.
- 与对照组相比,患者表现出较少结构化的语义网络 (直径较小,聚类系数,路径长度较短),这些都是类似特征的措施.
结论:
- 语义相似性是一种类似状态的量度,在精神疾病中随着临床状态的动态变化而变化.
- 语义网络的参数似乎与特征类似,随着时间的推移保持稳定,并区分患者和对照.
- 这些发现表明,语义指标,特别是语义相似性,可以作为跟踪精神病临床变化的有价值,细微的指标.
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