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温度和升高的CO2会改变大豆种子的产量和质量,对幼苗的出现和活力产生跨代的影响
Naflath Thenveettil1, Raju Bheemanahalli1, Krishna N Reddy2
1Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, United States.
Frontiers in plant science
|August 15, 2024
概括
高温严重降低大豆产量,改变种子质量. 增加的二氧化碳并没有抵消这些损失,但父母的压力影响了后代的活力,这表明了表观遗传效应.
科学领域:
- 农业科学 农业科学
- 植物生理学 植物生理学
- 环境科学 环境科学
背景情况:
- 环境条件显著影响植物生长,产量和繁殖成功.
- 大豆在关键生长阶段对高温特别敏感,这会影响种子的发育.
- 高温和二氧化碳 (CO2) 对大豆种子产量,质量和后代的综合影响尚不清楚.
研究的目的:
- 研究不同温度调节和二氧化碳度对大豆种子产量和质量的影响.
- 评估大豆后代对苗木活力的跨代影响.
- 了解温度和二氧化碳对大豆后代的联合影响.
主要方法:
- 大豆品种 (DS25-1和DS31-243) 在受控条件下使用土壤植物大气研究 (SPAR) 设施生长.
- 处理包括三个温度水平 (低: 22/14°C,最佳: 30/22°C,高: 38/30°C) 和两个CO2度 (环境: 420ppm,升高: 720ppm).
- 测量包括种子产量,100种种子重量,收获指数,种子化学成分 (油,蛋白质,糖,脂肪酸) 和后代的种子活力特征.
主要成果:
- 高温显著降低了种子产量和100种种子重量,影响因品种而异.
- 在高温下,无论二氧化碳水平如何,收获指数大幅下降.
- 种子的成分发生了变化,单不和脂肪酸增加,高温下蛋白质和糖含量发生了变化;低温时,二氧化碳的增加使得糖和糖的含量最大化.
- 在低温和高CO2下生长的父母的后代表现出增强的苗木出现和活力.
结论:
- 高温 (38/30°C) 对大豆种子产量有害,而高的二氧化碳并不能减轻这些损失.
- 高温会改变种子的化学特征,特别是增加单不和脂肪酸.
- 父母的环境压力,特别是高温,可能会通过表观遗传机制对后代的发展产生持久的影响.
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