[肺部疾病的疫苗接种 - 第一部分:Covid和流感]
Cathrin Kodde1, Leif Erik Sander1,2
1Fächerverbund für Infektiologie, Pneumologie und Intensivmedizin, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Deutschland.
Deutsche medizinische Wochenschrift (1946)
|August 15, 2024
概括
更新的COVID-19疫苗针对JN.1变种,而季节性流感疫苗在2024/2025年转向三价配方. 高剂量流感疫苗推给60岁以上的人.
科学领域:
- 病毒学和免疫学 病毒学和免疫学
- 疫苗开发和公共卫生
背景情况:
- 在COVID-19大流行期间,mRNA疫苗首次获得批准,该疫苗可以引起对SARS-CoV-2尖端蛋白的抗体和T细胞反应.
- 病毒进化需要持续适应SARS-CoV-2和季节性流感疫苗,以保持对新兴变种的有效性.
研究的目的:
- 为即将到来的冬季季节的疫苗适应情况提供信息,特别是针对SARS-CoV-2变种和季节性流感.
- 要突出针对COVID-19和流感的最新疫苗推,考虑病毒演变和公共卫生指导.
主要方法:
- 对SARS-CoV-2变种的监测,导致针对适应疫苗的建议,例如针对Omicron亚系JN.1的疫苗.
- 世界卫生组织 (WHO) 对季节性流感病毒抗原性质和全球循环模式的分析,以指导疫苗的组成.
- 疫苗疗效的评估,包括对特定配方的建议,如老年人高剂量三价流感疫苗.
主要成果:
- 为即将到来的冬季推针对JN.1 Omicron亚系的适应COVID-19疫苗.
- 建议2024/2025年季节性流感疫苗是三价疫苗,不包括流感B/Yamagata血统,因为其缺乏最近的循环.
- 高剂量的三价流感疫苗显示出略有改善的疗效,建议用于60岁以上的个人.
结论:
- 疫苗策略不断更新,以应对SARS-CoV-2和季节性流感病毒的不断变化的性质.
- 公共卫生建议指导疫苗目标和配方的选择,以优化对呼吸道病原体的保护.
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