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相关概念视频

Mismatch Repair01:20

Mismatch Repair

4.8K
Organisms are capable of detecting and fixing nucleotide mismatches that occur during DNA replication. This sophisticated process requires identifying the new strand and replacing the erroneous bases with correct nucleotides. Mismatch repair is coordinated by many proteins in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes.
The Mutator Protein Family Plays a Key Role in DNA Mismatch Repair
The human genome has more than 3 billion base pairs of DNA per cell. Prior to cell division, that vast amount of genetic...
4.8K
Proofreading01:31

Proofreading

6.2K
Synthesis of new DNA molecules is carried out by the enzyme DNA polymerase, which adds nucleotides on the daughter strand complementary to the template DNA strand. DNA polymerase has a higher affinity to add the correct base and ensures fidelity during DNA replication. Furthermore,  it exhibits proofreading activity during replication, using an exonuclease domain that cuts off incorrect nucleotides from the nascent DNA strand.
Errors During Replication are Corrected by the DNA Polymerase...
6.2K
Translesion DNA Polymerases02:10

Translesion DNA Polymerases

9.9K
Translesion (TLS) polymerases rescue stalled DNA polymerases at sites of damaged bases by replacing the replicative polymerase and installing a nucleotide across the damaged site. Doing so, TLS allows additional time for the cell to repair the damage before resuming regular DNA replication.
TLS polymerases are found in all three domains of life - archaea, bacteria, and eukaryotes. Of the different classes of TLS polymerases, members of the Y family are fitted with specialized structures that...
9.9K
Phase II Reactions: Methylation Reactions01:17

Phase II Reactions: Methylation Reactions

164
Methylation is a phase II biotransformation process involving the attachment of a methyl group to a substrate. Enzymes known as methyltransferases orchestrate this reaction.
The mechanism of methylation unfolds in two stages. The first stage sees a methyltransferase enzyme facilitating the transfer of a methyl group from S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) to the substrate, forming S-adenosylhomocysteine (SAH). The second stage involves further metabolism of SAH into homocysteine, which can be recycled...
164
DNA Base Pairing02:27

DNA Base Pairing

27.2K
Erwin Chargaff’s rules on DNA equivalence paved the way for the discovery of base pairing in DNA. Chargaff’s rules state that in a double-stranded DNA molecule,
27.2K
Base Excision Repair01:54

Base Excision Repair

22.2K
One of the common DNA damages is the chemical alteration of single bases by alkylation, oxidation, or deamination. The altered bases cause mispairing and strand breakage during replication. This type of damage causes minimal change to the DNA double helix structure and can be repaired by the base excision repair (BER) pathways. BER corrects damaged DNA sequences by removing the damaged base and restoring the original base sequence using the complementary strand as a template.
The first step of...
22.2K

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相关实验视频

Updated: Jun 16, 2025

DNAzyme-dependent Analysis of rRNA 2’-O-Methylation
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用DNA聚合酶识别C2'-甲氧基的结构基础和功能改善

Chongzheng Wen1, Guangyuan Wang2, Lin Yang1

  • 1Division of Biological Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, PR China.

Journal of molecular biology
|August 15, 2024
PubMed
概括
此摘要是机器生成的。

用C2'-甲氧基 (C2'-OMe) 改造的DNA可以增强核酶耐药性. 晶体结构揭示了进化的DNA聚合酶SFM4-3如何识别C2'-OMe-GTP,揭示了其分子机制,并使得改进的酶变体成为可能.

关键词:
经过C2′修饰的核酸.DNA聚合酶是一种DNA聚合酶.复制DNA复制DNA复制DNA复制晶体结构 晶体结构突变是一种突变.

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Sequence-specific Labeling of Nucleic Acids and Proteins with Methyltransferases and Cofactor Analogues
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Sequence-specific Labeling of Nucleic Acids and Proteins with Methyltransferases and Cofactor Analogues

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An Engineered Split-TET2 Enzyme for Chemical-inducible DNA Hydroxymethylation and Epigenetic Remodeling
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相关实验视频

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Sequence-specific Labeling of Nucleic Acids and Proteins with Methyltransferases and Cofactor Analogues
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An Engineered Split-TET2 Enzyme for Chemical-inducible DNA Hydroxymethylation and Epigenetic Remodeling
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科学领域:

  • 生物化学 生物化学
  • 分子生物学分子生物学
  • 结构生物学 结构生物学

背景情况:

  • 用C2' - methoxy (C2' - OMe) 修改DNA可增强对核酶的抗性,从而提高了体和DNA纳米材料的稳定性.
  • 工程DNA聚合酶可以结合C2′-OMe修饰核酸单酸盐 (C2′-OMe-NMPs),但C2′-OMe核酸三酸盐 (C2′-OMe-NTP) 识别的机制尚不清楚.

研究的目的:

  • 为了阐明C2′-OMe-NTP识别的分子机制,由一个进化的DNA聚合酶.
  • 为了呈现Taq DNA聚合酶SFM4-3处理C2′-OMe-GTP的进化Stoffel片段的晶体结构.
  • 为了确定改进的酶变体的结构基础.

主要方法:

  • 在X射线晶体学.
  • 定向进化是指导进化的.
  • 生物化学测定 生物化学测定

主要成果:

  • 确定了SFM4-3在不同状态下处理C2'-OMe-GTP的晶体结构.
  • 通过SFM4-3揭示了C2′-甲氧识别的结构基础.
  • 设计了一种新的SFM4-3变体,具有增强的催化速率和抑制剂耐药性.
  • 一种新的预插入形态提供了对聚合酶催化机制的洞察.

结论:

  • 这项研究揭示了由工程DNA聚合酶识别C2′-OMe-NTP的结构机制.
  • 结构洞察力促进了改进的DNA聚合酶变体的开发.
  • 这些发现促进了对DNA聚合酶催化机制的理解.