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Lasse Güldener¹, Parthiban Saravanakumar², Max F K Happel^2,3,4

¹Department of Experimental Psychology, Institute of Psychology, Otto-von-Guericke-University, 39106, Magdeburg, Germany. lasse.gueldener@ovgu.de.

Communications biology

|August 15, 2024

概括

人类和大鼠面临着一个寻找食物的困境:什么时候离开耗尽资源的补丁. 人类的决定,不像大猩猩.

科学领域:

行为生态学行为生态学
比较心理学比较心理学
搜集食物理论搜集食物理论

背景情况:

动物必须平衡利用当前的资源与探索新的资源.
离开补丁的决定对于最大限度地获取资源至关重要.
环境因素和补丁质量影响食策略.

研究的目的:

为了比较人类和 gerbil 补丁离开行为在类似的食任务.
探讨不同物种的开发-探索困境背后的决策机制.
评估对最佳食理论预测的遵守情况.

主要方法:

人类执行视觉搜索任务;大鼠执行物理搜索任务.
这两项任务都涉及带有指数级下降奖励的补丁.
记录和分析了离开补丁的决定和放弃的时间.

主要成果:

人类离开补丁的决定遵循基于奖励遇到的增量机制,与gerbils不同.
这种人类策略被认为是最大限度地提高在可变环境中的奖励的最佳策略.
这两种物种,当没有过度采集时,对收集率的下降表现出敏感性,与边际值定理保持一致.

结论:

人类的食决策表现出一个更适应的,增量策略与大鼠相比.
决策中的差异突出了对开发-勘探权衡的特定物种解决方案.
这项研究引入了一种新的模式,用于跨物种对食行为的比较.

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