在难民儿童中培养亲社会性:对罗兴亚儿童的干预
Tara Callaghan1, Tyler Colasante2, Saifullah Muhammad3
1Psychology Department, St. Francis Xavier University, Antigonish, Nova Scotia, Canada.
Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development
|August 16, 2024
概括
人类的亲社会性是有弹性的,罗兴亚难民儿童在10天的干预后表现出更好的亲社会行为. 这项研究强调了即使在极端逆境中加强合作的潜力.
科学领域:
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 社会心理学 社会心理学
- 难民研究 难民研究
背景情况:
- 亲社会行为是人类本性的基础,并早期出现.
- 背景因素显著影响亲社会发展.
- 逃离暴力冲突的儿童面临着严重的社会情感挑战.
研究的目的:
- 检查罗兴亚难民儿童面临极端逆境的亲社会主义的弹性.
- 评估多方面的干预对亲社会行为和相关的认知情感过程的影响.
- 调查年龄和出生地点 (创伤水平代理) 对亲社会性和干预结果的影响.
主要方法:
- 一个152名罗兴亚儿童 (5-12岁) 的样本参加了干预前后评估.
- 一个为期10天的基于合作的干预针对的是亲社会行为,同情心,情感视角和执行功能 (EF).
- 通过帮助 (Origami) 和分享任务 (独裁者游戏,强迫选择) 来衡量亲社会行为;通过故事任务和EF任务来评估认知情感过程.
主要成果:
- 罗兴亚儿童在干预前表现出亲社会反应,在大多数措施中观察到干预后的改善.
- 年长的孩子表现出更高的同情反应;缅甸出生的孩子在分享方面表现出更大的慷慨,但与营地出生的孩子相比,EF技能较低.
- 干预效应因年龄和出生地而异:年长的孩子增加了平等的分享,缅甸出生的孩子增加了分享和慷慨,营地出生的孩子改善了帮助行为.
结论:
- 人类的亲社会性是一种基本的特征,即使在最不利的童年环境中也可以生存和增强.
- 一个多方面的协作干预有效地改善了罗兴亚难民儿童的亲社会行为和相关的认知情感过程.
- 调查结果强调,需要建立研究伙伴关系,以改善受暴力冲突和强迫移民影响的儿童的发展成果.
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