使用电子健康记录数据评估认知衰退的危险因素:一个范围审查
Liqin Wang1, Richard Yang1, Ziqin Sha2
1Brigham and Women's Hospital.
Research square
|August 16, 2024
概括
电子健康记录 (EHR) 对认知能力下降的危险因素提供了宝贵的见解. 使用EHR数据的研究表明,疾病会增加风险,而干预措施通常会降低风险,从而提高对相关因素的理解.
科学领域:
- 医疗信息学 医疗信息学
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 电子健康记录 (EHR) 提供了广泛的纵向患者数据,非常适合研究认知能力下降的风险因素.
- 使用EHR数据来识别认知衰退预测因子尚未完全理解.
研究的目的:
- 对使用EHR数据来识别认知衰退风险因素进行范围审查.
- 将已识别的风险因素分类,并确定研究缺口.
主要方法:
- 在PRISMA指导下对PubMed,Web of Science和CINAHL (2010年1月至2023年4月) 的文章进行了范围审查.
- 纳入标准集中在使用EHR调查认知衰退风险因素的研究上.
- 手动提取数据并将风险因素分为医疗条件,干预措施,生活方式,社会经济和环境类别.
主要成果:
- 从1593篇文章中选出了80篇,其中大多数是来自美国或英国的大型回顾性队列研究.
- 医学状况是研究最多的风险因素 (48.8%),通常与增加认知能力下降风险有关.
- 医疗干预 (31.3%) 经常减轻认知能力下降的风险,同时还检查了生活方式,社会经济和环境因素 (17.5%).
结论:
- 电子健康记录数据显著提高了对导致认知能力下降风险的因素的理解.
- 确定的风险因素包括医疗条件,干预措施,生活方式,社会经济地位和环境暴露.
- 进一步的研究可以利用EHR数据来更深入地探索这些因素.
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