近视和其他折射误差及其与玻璃眼查的关系
Jost B Jonas1,2, Rahul A Jonas3, Shefali B Jonas4
1Rothschild Foundation Hospital, Institut Français de Myopie, Paris, France.
Journal of glaucoma
|August 16, 2024
概括
在高度近视的眼睛中,对青光眼的查应考虑圆盘大小,偏三角形区域和轴长度. 这些因素有助于检测玻璃眼光神经病变,特别是严重近视,其患病率超过50%.
科学领域:
- 眼科医生 眼科 眼科
- 视神经头部成像 视神经头部成像
- 玻璃眼研究研究 玻璃眼研究
背景情况:
- 折射误差影响视神经头部 (ONH) 形态.
- 高近视对于诊断光眼神经病变 (GON) 提出了独特的挑战.
- 了解近视的ONH变化对于准确的玻璃眼查至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 评估基于折射误差的GON查策略.
- 专门针对高度近视的个体的查考虑.
- 为了确定用于检测近视的GON的关键形态参数.
主要方法:
- 对近视ONH解剖学研究的综述.
- 分析关于GON和轴近视之间的关系的研究.
- 包括对近视眼的形态参数的调查.
主要成果:
- 折射误差不是高视度到中度近视度的显著玻璃眼风险因素.
- 适度近视可以导致布鲁赫膜开口的时间位移,导致偏性马区域和较小的水平盘直径.
- 在高度近视的眼睛 (轴长>26.5毫米) 中,GON的患病率急剧增加,在极端情况下超过50%.
- 扩大的视觉盘和大型的 parapapillary delta 区域与高近视的GON有关.
- 非瘤性视神经病变与更大的马区域和更长的轴长度有关,可能是由于神经纤维拉伸.
结论:
- 长轴长度,大光盘和大 parapapillary delta zone是高近视眼中GON的有效查标准.
- 需要对中度近视进行仔细评估,以避免忽视GON,尽管光盘较小.
- 与轴延长相关的因素可能会导致近视期的眼和非眼视神经病变.
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