成功的衰老如何适用于黑人女性? 一个隐藏的类分析
Joshua C J Lewis1, Patricia Drentea1, David F Warner1,2
1Department of Sociology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA.
The Gerontologist
|August 16, 2024
概括
在年长的黑人女性中,成功的衰老有很大差异. 这项研究确定了六种不同的衰老特征,揭示了超越同质群体的多样化经验.
科学领域:
- 老年学是一门学科.
- 社会学 社会学 社会学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 之前的研究表明,成功老龄化 (SA) 的种族/民族和性别差异.
- 然而,在特定的人口群体中,老龄化经历的异质性仍然未被充分探索.
- 这项研究的重点是老年黑人女性的多样化的衰老轨迹.
研究的目的:
- 调查年长的黑人女性中成功的衰老经历的异质性.
- 根据各种健康和社会因素来确定不同的子组.
- 为了提供一个细微的了解老龄化在这个人口.
主要方法:
- 利用了2010/2012年美国健康和退休研究的数据.
- 包括1,186名填写了心理社会留学调查问卷的黑人女性.
- 使用隐性类别分析,包括身体健康,心理健康,社会支持/压力和社会参与的指标.
主要成果:
- 确定了六个不同的成功衰老的潜在类别:虚弱的,孤立的,税收的,独立的,活的和健壮的.
- "强壮"阶级 (16%的受访者) 表现出最高的身体和心理健康和社会关系.
- "活力"类 (23%的受访者) 显示高幸福感和参与度,但没有合作伙伴,而"虚弱"和"孤立"类面临着重大的健康和社会挑战.
结论:
- 在老年黑人女性的衰老经历中存在显著的异质性.
- 虽然许多人面临着挑战,但39%的老年黑人女性与成功的衰老框架保持一致.
- 未来的研究和干预必须承认并解决黑人女性衰老的不均质性质.
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