有氧运动和抵抗训练对阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停的影响:系统性审查和元分析
Chien-Fu Lin1, Nien-Hsuan Ho1, Wen-Ling Hsu2
1Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
概括
运动通过减少呼吸暂停-呼吸暂停指数 (AHI) 和嗜睡,显著改善阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停 (OSA). 这包括所有OSA患者的有氧和抵抗训练,无论重度或肥胖程度如何.
科学领域:
- 睡眠医学 睡眠医学
- 运动生理学 运动生理学
- 心血管健康 呼吸系统健康
背景情况:
- 阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停 (obstructive sleep apnea,OSA) 是一种常见的睡眠障碍,在睡眠期间重复出现上呼吸道崩的特征.
- 目前OSA的治疗方法包括改变生活方式,增加气道压力和使用口腔器械.
- 运动作为OSA治疗干预的作用需要进一步阐明.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究运动对阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停 (OSA) 患者的治疗效果.
- 确定从运动干预中获益最多的患者子组.
- 为了确定管理OSA的最佳运动方案.
主要方法:
- 进行了随机对照试验 (RCT) 的系统审查和元分析.
- 在主要数据库中搜索了涉及有氧运动和/或OSA患者抵抗训练的RCT.
- 分析结果包括呼吸暂停-呼吸暂停指数 (AHI),爱普沃思睡眠度量表,体重指数和峰值氧气消耗 (VO2峰值).
主要成果:
- 包含526名患者的12项研究被纳入了分析.
- 运动训练显著降低了AHI,爱普沃思睡眠度量得分和身体质量指数.
- 运动训练也显著提高了氧气消耗峰值 (VO2峰值).
- 亚组分析表明,运动改善了CPAP患者的VO2峰值,但没有显著减少AHI或嗜睡.
- 综合有氧和阻力训练显示出更大的AHI降低和VO2峰值增强的趋势.
- 无论基线AHI或身体质量指数,都观察到好处.
结论:
- 运动,包括有氧和抵抗训练,是OSA管理的宝贵组成部分.
- 对于所有患有OSA的患者,无论疾病严重程度或肥胖状况如何,都应该考虑进行运动干预.
- 运动甚至对于已经使用持续正气道压力 (CPAP) 治疗的患者来说也可能有益.
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