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Margarita Kazak¹, Kristina Valavičiūtė-Pocienė¹, Simona Kondrotaitė²

¹Laboratory of Entomology, Nature Research Centre, Vilnius, Lithuania.

Medical and veterinary entomology

|August 16, 2024

概括

这项研究揭示,大多数野生Culicoides在立陶宛咬伤的食鸟类,而不是哺乳动物. 这一发现对于了解像Haemoproteus这样的禽类寄生虫的传播至关重要.

科学领域:

兽医昆虫学兽医昆虫学
分子生态学分子生态学
疾病载体研究疾病载体研究

背景情况:

吸血昆虫的宿主养行为是了解载体传播疾病传播途径的关键.
Culicoides咬是各种病原体的重要载体,包括树虫病毒,细菌和寄生虫,影响着各种脊椎动物宿主.
之前关于Culicoides养习惯的研究主要集中在涉及蓝舌病病毒传播的哺乳动物种类上,忽视了与鸟类疾病相关的鸟类动物种类.

研究的目的:

用分子方法调查野生捕获的Culicoides咬的血液食来源.
为了将已识别的养行为与Culicoides物种中已知的Haemoproteus寄生虫的流行率相关联.
确定在传播鸟类载体寄生虫方面发挥重要作用的Culicoides物种.

主要方法:

在七个立陶宛地区 (2021-2023) 使用紫外线陷收集吞的Culicoides雌性.
用聚合酶链反应 (PCR) 准细胞染色体B基因,对经过切割的腹部中部的血来源进行分子分析.
与GenBank数据库进行序列比较,用于脊椎动物宿主识别.

主要成果:

对来自9个物种的258只被吞的Culicoides雌性进行分析,发现29.1%的标本是血来源.
大多数确定的血食是来自鸟类的 (74.7%),哺乳动物的比例较小 (25.3%).
Culicoides segnis 完全以鸟类为食,而 Obsoletus 群,C. pallidicornis 和 C. punctatus 完全以哺乳动物为食. C. festivipennis,C. kibunensis和C. pictipennis表现出机会性食,主要是在鸟类上.

结论:

喜鸟类的Culicoides物种,包括C. segnis,C. festivipennis,C. kibunensis和C. pictipennis,是像Haemoproteus.这样的鸟类寄生虫的重要载体.
鉴定的养行为突出了特定的Culicoides物种在鸟类载体传播疾病的传播周期中的作用.
未来关于Culicoides传播的禽病原体流行病学的研究应该优先考虑这些爱鸟类和机会性食物种.

关键词:

我们有子.养行为养行为哺乳动物喜欢的哺乳动物自然感染的自然感染者这种类型的植物是ornithophilic的.传输模式的传输模式病媒传播疾病的病媒传播疾病.在野生捕获的Culicoides.

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