雄心勃勃的干预措施加快了减少空气污染和保护生态系统的速度
Yixin Guo1,2,3, Hao Zhao4,5, Wilfried Winiwarter5,6
1Laboratory for Climate and Ocean-Atmosphere Studies, Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
Science advances
|August 16, 2024
概括
实施雄心勃勃的干预措施可以在2050年前显著减少氨和氧化排放. 这些行动改善空气质量,减少过早死亡,保护生态系统和作物产量.
科学领域:
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 大气化学 大气化学
- 生态系统管理 生态系统管理
背景情况:
- 食品和能源生产产生的反应性 (Nr) 排放造成了广泛的环境损害.
- 由于缓解潜力和效益的不确定性,Nr的综合管理策略尚未得到充分发展.
研究的目的:
- 评估干预措施的未来缓解潜力和环境效益.
- 评估不同水平的干预措施对排放和环境损害的影响.
主要方法:
- 利用模型预测到2050年全球氨和氧化排放在高雄心和低雄心的干预下.
- 量化了这些干预措施对空气质量 (PM2.5,臭氧),过早死亡率,作物产量和陆地生态系统健康的影响.
主要成果:
- 雄心勃勃的干预措施可以在2050年前将全球氨和氧化排放量分别减少40%和52%.
- 这些干预措施预计将显著降低PM2.5和臭氧水平,避免数十万的过早死亡,减少作物产量损失,并减少超过关键荷重的生态系统面积.
- 如果没有干预措施,环境损害预计将恶化,非洲和亚洲是最脆弱的地区,但也将受益最多.
结论:
- 雄心勃勃的干预措施为空气质量,人类健康和生态系统可持续性提供了大量的共同利益.
- 这些干预措施符合并支持实现与清洁空气,健康和繁荣生态系统相关的可持续发展目标.
- 有针对性的管理对于减轻环境退化和促进可持续发展至关重要,特别是在脆弱地区.
相关概念视频
The Nitrogen Cycle
51.8K
Nitrogen atoms, present in all proteins and DNA, are recycled between abiotic and biotic components of the ecosystem. However, the primary form of nitrogen on Earth is nitrogen gas, which cannot be used by most animals and plants. Thus, nitrogen gas must first be converted into a usable form by nitrogen-fixing bacteria before it can be cycled through other living organisms. The use of nitrogen-containing fertilizers and animal waste products in human agriculture has greatly influenced the...
51.8K
Bioremediation
18.2K
Bioremediation is the use of prokaryotes, fungi, or plants to remove pollutants from the environment. This process has been used to remove harmful toxins in groundwater as a byproduct of agricultural run-off and also to clean up oil spills.
18.2K
Overview of Nitrogen Metabolism
7.9K
Nitrogen is a very important element for life because it is a major constituent of proteins and nucleic acids. It is a macronutrient, and in nature, it is recycled from organic compounds and stored in the form of ammonia, ammonium ions, nitrate, nitrite, or nitrogen gas by many metabolic processes. Many of these metabolic processes are carried out only by prokaryotes.
The largest pool of nitrogen available in the terrestrial ecosystem is gaseous nitrogen (N2) from the air, but this...
The largest pool of nitrogen available in the terrestrial ecosystem is gaseous nitrogen (N2) from the air, but this...
7.9K
Pneumonia V: Nursing management and Prevention
1.9K
Nursing management of pneumonia involves promoting airway patency, facilitating rest and conserving energy, encouraging fluid intake, maintaining nutrition, and educating patients.
The nurse must practice strict medical asepsis and adhere to infection control guidelines to minimize healthcare-associated infections.
Enhance airway patency
Position the patient correctly to facilitate drainage of the affected lung segments. Manual or mechanical percussion and vibration can also be employed....
The nurse must practice strict medical asepsis and adhere to infection control guidelines to minimize healthcare-associated infections.
Enhance airway patency
Position the patient correctly to facilitate drainage of the affected lung segments. Manual or mechanical percussion and vibration can also be employed....
1.9K
Transmission-based Precautions II: Airborne and Protective Environment
1.2K
Transmission-based precautions are for patients infected or suspected to be infected (or colonized) with organisms posing a significant risk to others. The transmission precautions include airborne and protective environment precautions.
Airborne precautions:
Use airborne precautions when treating patients known or suspected to have diseases that spread through the air—for example, tuberculosis or measles. These organisms are present in smaller droplets expelled by an infected person and...
Airborne precautions:
Use airborne precautions when treating patients known or suspected to have diseases that spread through the air—for example, tuberculosis or measles. These organisms are present in smaller droplets expelled by an infected person and...
1.2K
Acute Respiratory Failure-V
126
The treatment for acute respiratory failure varies based on factors like the underlying cause, overall health, and severity. A collaborative healthcare team is essential for early detection, often through arterial blood gas analysis. Identifying the cause is the primary goal, with treatment strategies adjusted for ventilation/perfusion (V/Q) mismatch, shunting, or diffusion impairment.
Ensure that patients are monitored continuously for their response to therapy, including changes in...
Ensure that patients are monitored continuously for their response to therapy, including changes in...
126


