相关实验视频

Updated: Jun 16, 2025

Measuring Phosphorus Release in Laboratory Microcosms for Water Quality Assessment

Measuring Phosphorus Release in Laboratory Microcosms for Water Quality Assessment

Published on: July 22, 2019

减少从农田到地表水的损失

Richard W McDowell¹, Philip M Haygarth²

¹AgResearch, Lincoln Science Centre, Lincoln, Canterbury, New Zealand; Faculty of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Lincoln University, Lincoln, Canterbury, New Zealand.

Current opinion in biotechnology

|August 16, 2024

概括

过多的 (P) 在水中会导致肥胖,影响全球数十亿人. 管理农业P损失,特别是平面地区遗留的土壤P,对于改善水质至关重要.

科学领域:

环境科学环境科学
农业科学农业科学
水质管理水质管理

背景情况:

(P) 在水体中的丰富导致了缩,影响了17亿人.
对于P污染的年度补救成本是相当大的,在欧洲达到10亿美元,在美国达到24亿美元.
农业的强化增加了肥料的P使用,导致土壤P升高,随后水污染.

研究的目的:

调查减轻表面水中的损失的策略.
确定成本效益高的方法来改善受缩影响的水质.
为了应对在各种景观,包括平坦地形中P损失管理的挑战.

主要方法:

分析受降水,斜率和农业实践影响的P损失路径.
评估P源管理,调动控制和运输/交付机制.
评估针对P损失减缓的关键源区 (CSAs) 的目标.

主要成果:

农业的强化显著增加了土壤的P度和对地表水的损失.
关键源区 (CSA) 准是有效的P损失缓解在变量地形.
管理遗留的土壤P对于防止平面景观中的P损失至关重要.

结论:

有效地减轻P损失需要管理P来源,动员和运输.
准CSA可以提高P损失缓解策略的成本效益.
平面景观需要对遗留的土壤进行特殊的管理,以防止水的缩.

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Optimized Procedure for Determining the Adsorption of Phosphonates onto Granular Ferric Hydroxide using a Miniaturized Phosphorus Determination Method

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相关概念视频

The Phosphorus Cycle

The Phosphorus Cycle

Unlike carbon, water, and nitrogen, phosphorus is not present in the atmosphere as a gas. Instead, most phosphorus in the ecosystem exists as compounds, such as phosphate ions (PO43-), found in soil, water, sediment and rocks. Phosphorus is often a limiting nutrient (i.e., in short supply). Consequently, phosphorus is added to most agricultural fertilizers, which can cause environmental problems related to runoff in aquatic ecosystems.

Bioremediation

Bioremediation

Bioremediation is the use of prokaryotes, fungi, or plants to remove pollutants from the environment. This process has been used to remove harmful toxins in groundwater as a byproduct of agricultural run-off and also to clean up oil spills.

Responses to Drought and Flooding

Responses to Drought and Flooding

Water plays a significant role in the life cycle of plants. However, insufficient or excess of water can be detrimental and pose a serious threat to plants.

Adaptations that Reduce Water Loss

Adaptations that Reduce Water Loss

Though evaporation from plant leaves drives transpiration, it also results in loss of water. Because water is critical for photosynthetic reactions and other cellular processes, evolutionary pressures on plants in different environments have driven the acquisition of adaptations that reduce water loss.

Primary Production

Primary Production

The total amount of energy acquired by primary producers in an ecosystem is called gross primary production (GPP). However, of this energy, producers use some for metabolic processes, and some is lost as heat, decreasing the amount of energy available to the next trophic level. The remaining usable amount of energy is called the net primary productivity (NPP). In terrestrial ecosystems, NPP is driven by climate, while light penetration and nutrient availability drive NPP in aquatic ecosystems.