神经解剖学和临床因素预测未来的认知障碍
Phoebe Imms1, Nikhil N Chaudhari1,2, Nahian F Chowdhury1
1Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, 3715 McClintock Ave, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA.
GeroScience
|August 17, 2024
概括
通过识别认知正常 (CN) 个体的微妙大脑变化,可以早期检测阿尔茨海默病 (AD). 大脑衰老的这些解剖特征可以提前几年预测转化为认知障碍 (CI).
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 老年学是一门学科.
- 医疗成像医学成像
背景情况:
- 早期识别因阿尔茨海默病 (AD) 的认知正常 (CN) 到认知障碍 (CI) 的个体对于及时的治疗干预至关重要.
- 在阿尔茨海默病研究中,区分将保持认知稳定的个体和将发展CI的个体是一个重大挑战.
研究的目的:
- 在老年人中确定从CN转换为CI的预测因素.
- 评估临床和神经影像标记的有用性,包括大脑年龄,在预测转换到CI的时间表中.
主要方法:
- 从301名转换为CI的CN个体和294名15年内没有转换的CN个体获得的临床和T1加权的MRI数据.
- 提取了多个大脑结构的区域大脑体积和计算的大脑年龄指标.
- 采用线性差异分析来比较转换器和非转换器,并预测转换时间.
主要成果:
- 听力障碍和自我报告的记忆力下降等临床因素与转换为CI相关.
- 与非转换器相比,转换器在48个前额,部和皮下区域的脑容量较小.
- 在12个结构中的大脑年龄测量与更短的转换时间相关,随着转换近距离的减少,预测准确度从81.5%提高到90.5%.
结论:
- 通过MRI检测到的大脑衰老的解剖特征,预示着CI转换的接近.
- 这些神经成像标志物显著提高了预测风险人群未来认知衰退的准确性.
- 这些发现支持使用先进的神经成像来早期AD风险分层.
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