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在多关节炎和ANCA相关的血管炎的早期骨肌肉表现
Yasuhiro Shimojima1, Shun Nomura1, Satoru Ushiyama1
1Department of Medicine (Neurology and Rheumatology), Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan.
骨肌肉的参与,包括肌痛和软弱,在多关节炎 (PAN) 和抗中性细胞质抗体相关血管炎 (AAV) 中很常见. 这一发现可以帮助早期诊断,当其他器官参与不存在时.
科学领域:
- 类风湿病学 类风湿病学
- 神经学 神经学
- 病理学 病理学 病理学
背景情况:
- 骨肌肉参与经常观察到小和中型血管炎,如多关节炎 (PAN) 和抗中性细胞质抗体相关血管炎 (AAV).
- 这是一个关键的临床指标,特别是当血管性肌肉病变是唯一的病理发现,没有其他器官参与时.
研究的目的:
- 综合审查和比较患有PAN和AAV的患者在疾病发病时骨肌参与的临床特征.
- 评估骨肌参与早期PAN和AAV的诊断效用.
主要方法:
- 对71名PAN患者和135名AAV患者的临床特征的比较综述,这些患者表现出骨肌参与.
- 分析肌肉磁共振成像 (MRI) 发现,组织病理学数据和血清肌酸酶 (CK) 水平.
- 对葡萄糖皮质类药物 (GCs) 治疗反应的评估.
主要成果:
- 肌痛和肌肉虚弱,主要在下肢,在PAN和AAV中都是常见的.
- 在PAN中,远端下肢症状更频繁,而AAV在所有四肢中表现出更分散的模式.
- 肌肉MRI在受影响的肌肉中发现了高血管性,周围血管炎症 (>90%),纤维蛋白缩 (三分之二). 血清CK水平最初在80%的患者中正常,但在65-85%的肌纤维损伤患者中升高.
- 大多数患者对GCs有反应,尽管在逐渐减少期间发生了复发.
结论:
- 骨肌参与,以肌痛和软弱为特征,是早期诊断PAN和AAV的重要临床指标.
- 肌肉MRI对于识别受影响区域和指导活检非常有价值.
- 尽管最初的CK水平通常是正常的,但是肌肉活检和成像检查的结果对于诊断和管理至关重要.
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