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实验性的变暖和干燥增加了低地热带森林中土壤呼吸的旧碳贡献

Karis J McFarlane¹, Daniela F Cusack^2,3,4, Lee H Dietterich^2,5,6

¹Center for Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, USA. kjmcfarlane@llnl.gov.

Nature communications

|August 17, 2024

概括

气候变化影响热带森林土壤,增加碳损失. 气候变暖和干旱加快了土壤中较老碳的降解,威胁到全球碳储存.

科学领域:

热带生态学热带生态学
土壤科学土壤科学
气候变化影响气候变化的影响.
碳循环是碳循环的过程.

背景情况:

热带森林是关键的全球碳汇,储存大量的碳.
气候变化,以变暖和降雨模式的改变为特征,对这些碳储存的稳定性构成威胁.
了解热带森林土壤如何应对气候变化对于预测未来的碳平衡至关重要.

研究的目的:

调查气候变暖和干旱对热带森林土壤碳脆弱性的影响.
确定这些气候变化因素如何影响土壤释放的碳的年龄.
阐明温暖和干燥影响土壤碳分解和储存的机制.

主要方法:

热带森林土壤在现场全面加热4°C.
通过50%的降落排除,以模拟干燥条件.
测量土壤二氧化碳 (CO2) 流出中的放射性碳年龄,以评估碳降解.

主要成果:

加热和干燥处理都使土壤二氧化碳排放的平均放射性碳年龄增加了大约2-3年.
变暖加速了旧碳的分解,随着新碳的耗尽,导致二氧化碳排放增加.
干燥抑制了新碳输入的分解,减少了整体二氧化碳排放,从而增加了旧碳对排放的相对贡献.

结论:

热带森林土壤的变暖和干燥可以通过促进老碳的降解,增加土壤碳脆弱性.
这些气候变化驱动因素可能导致土壤碳的大量损失,对热带森林的碳储存能力产生负面影响.
这些发现突出了土壤碳对气候变化的复杂反应,对全球碳循环模型有影响.

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