在多污染物复杂污染地区,应优先控制哪些污染物和污染源?
Kaige Ouyang1, Xiaofei Lu2, Jing Meng3
1School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Shenyang Jianzhu University, Shenyang 110168, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Nanotechnology and Health Effects Research, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China.
Journal of hazardous materials
|August 18, 2024
概括
这项研究引入了一种新方法,用于评估多种污染物的土壤污染风险. 它确定了主要的污染源,使重金属,PFAS和PAHs的有针对性的控制策略成为可能.
科学领域:
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 生态毒理学 生态毒理学
- 风险评估 风险评估
背景情况:
- 多种污染物的土壤污染给环境带来了重大风险.
- 准确的风险评估和来源识别对于有效的土壤整治至关重要.
- 污染物的复杂性和各种来源类型对传统方法构成挑战.
研究的目的:
- 开发一套对多重污染物土壤污染的层次生态风险量化方法.
- 为确定关键和遗漏的污染源建立一个综合的来源分配方法.
- 为确定高风险污染物及其来源以进行有针对性的控制提供一个框架.
主要方法:
- 使用潜在受影响分数 (PAF) 和 msPAF.等级生态风险量化.
- 使用主要成分分析 (PCA),多重线性回归 (MLR) 和正矩阵分解 (PMF) 的来源分配.
- 在中国南部的案例研究,以验证综合方法.
主要成果:
- msPAF表示联合风险为79.4%,重金属 (HM) 构成最高风险,其次是和多基物质 (PFAS) 和多环芳 (PAH).
- 农田和电被确定为HMs (80.8%-93.2%),PAHs (52.2%-69.4%) 的道路和PFAS (71.1%-73.2%) 的电的主要来源.
- 遗漏的来源对八种不同的污染物有很大的贡献 (31.2%-84.1%),这突显了全面追踪来源的重要性.
结论:
- 开发的分层风险评估和综合来源分配方法有效量化多污染物风险,并确定污染源.
- 这些发现确定了特定的污染物 (HM,PFAS,PAH) 和其主要来源 (农田,电,道路),为环境管理提供了可操作的见解.
- 这种方法为确定控制目标和实施精确的土壤污染管理策略提供了一个强大的框架.
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