新石器时代Yersinia pestis在人类和狗的感染
Julian Susat1, Magdalena Haller-Caskie1, Joanna H Bonczarowska1,2
1Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany.
Communications biology
|August 18, 2024
概括
在新石器晚期,Yersinia pestis感染了人类,但这些很可能是孤立的事件,而不是大流行. 古代DNA分析显示,在两个个体中发现了不同的Y. pestis菌株,这表明没有重大爆发的独立感染.
科学领域:
- 古遗传学是一种古遗传学.
- 古代DNA分析 古代DNA分析
- 考古学的考古学
背景情况:
- 耶尔西尼亚瘟疫在人类感染的历史悠久,可以追溯到新石器时代晚期 (LN).
- 早期Y. pestis感染的性质,无论是零星的动物病还是流行病发起者,仍在争论中.
- 了解Y. pestis的早期流行病学对于追踪传染病的演变至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 在新石器晚期人类遗骸中调查Yersinia pestis的存在和遗传多样性.
- 确定早期的Y. pestis感染是否与特定的环境或人口变化有关.
- 重建早期Y. pestis菌株的遗传学位置.
主要方法:
- 从人类骨遗骸中提取的Y. pestisDNA的全基因组测序.
- 遗传学分析以确定古代Y. pestis菌株的进化关系.
- 考古环境和考古数据分析,以将Y. pestis的存在与生态因素相关联.
主要成果:
- 在德国的新石器时代晚期墓地 (公元前5300-4900卡路里) 的两个人身上检测到了Yersinia pestis DNA.
- 基因组分析显示了两种不同的Y. pestis菌株,表明了独立的感染事件.
- 在新石器时代晚期的一只狗身上也发现了Y. pestis,这表明狗参与了传播.
- 所有已知的晚期新石器时代Y. pestis基因组都是基层的,代表了可能来自不同动物宿主的单独血统.
结论:
- 新石器时代晚期人类感染Y. pestis可能是零星的动物性传染病事件,而不是广泛的流行病.
- 环境变化,包括新的动物库和增加的狗种群,可能有助于Y. pestis向人类和狗传播.
- 在新石器时代晚期,Y. pestis经常进入人类定居点,但没有造成重大爆发.
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