卫生保健工作人员的职业暴露后预防:对影响最佳利用因素的范围审查
Judith D Auerbach1, Siobhan Malone2, Andrew D Forsyth3
1Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.
Journal of the International AIDS Society
|August 19, 2024
概括
由于知识不一致,接入问题和耻辱感,医疗保健工作者 (HCWs) 不充分利用艾滋病毒暴露后预防 (PEP). 多层次干预对于改善全球医疗保健工作者对PEP的采用和坚持至关重要.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 预防传染病 预防传染病
- 职业健康 职业健康 职业健康
背景情况:
- 暴露后预防 (PEP) 是有效的预防艾滋病毒暴露后,但被卫生保健工作者 (HCWs) 的使用不足.
- 了解PEP在最佳环境下使用不足的原因对于HCW福祉至关重要.
- 这项研究解决了有关HCWs中PEP利用动态的知识差距.
研究的目的:
- 确定影响卫生保健工作者 (HCWs) 在职业艾滋病毒暴露后使用暴露后预防 (PEP) 的因素.
- 阐明影响PEP意识,可接受性,访问,吸收和坚持的障碍和促进者.
- 为优化PEP在医疗保健机构使用的战略提供信息.
主要方法:
- 进行了2014-2022年同行评审文献的范围审查.
- 使用关键词搜索了PubMed,PsychInfo和谷歌学者:艾滋病毒,暴露后预防,可接受性,医疗保健工作者,价值观和偏好.
- 通过对53项研究的诱导性叙事审查确定了核心主题.
主要成果:
- 研究主要来自非洲和亚洲的低收入和中等收入国家 (LMICs).
- 人们对PEP的认识很高,但对治疗方案和政策的了解是中等到低的.
- 接受度中等至高;感知到的可用性不一致.
- 摄入量很低,受报告不确定性和缺乏意识的影响.
- 坚持是中度到低,受到副作用的影响和感知到的低必要性.
- 艾滋病污名是HCW的一贯关注.
结论:
- 不一致的研究构造和不清楚的暴露报告极限发现.
- 需要多层次的干预措施来解决个人,社会和结构性障碍.
- 改善培训,事件报告,24小时不污名化PEP服务和遵守监测是必不可少的.
- 在LMIC中从HCW中吸取的经验教训可以在类似环境中为非职业PEP使用提供信息.
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