使用集成的转录学和代谢学来探索婴儿配方奶粉对小肠器官的生长和发育的影响
Xianli Wang1, Yuxin Jing2, Chengdong Zheng3
1School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China.
Food & function
|August 19, 2024
概括
这项研究使用人类小肠器官 (SIOs) 来分析婴儿配方奶粉对新生儿肠道发育的影响. 研究结果揭示了配方成分如何影响婴儿肠道生长和免疫功能.
科学领域:
- 胃肠病学 胃肠病学
- 发展生物学 发展生物学
- 营养科学 营养科学
背景情况:
- 婴儿配方奶粉旨在模仿母乳对新生儿的营养和发育.
- 现有的研究经常使用瘤细胞系,这些细胞系不能准确地模拟婴儿消化.
- 需要一种新的方法来评估婴儿配方奶粉对婴儿肠道环境的影响.
研究的目的:
- 开发和验证一种新的方法来评估婴儿配方奶粉的营养价值和效果.
- 研究不同婴儿配方奶粉对人类小肠环境的影响.
- 揭示配方成分影响婴儿肠道发育和免疫力的机制.
主要方法:
- 人类胚胎干细胞的有针对性的分化为人类小肠器官 (SIO).
- 使用SIOs模拟新生儿的肠道消化,吸收和新陈代谢.
- 对暴露于三种婴儿配方奶粉的SIO进行了多组组分析 (转录组和代谢组).
主要成果:
- 在婴儿配方奶粉暴露后,在SIO中观察到基因表达和代谢物概况的显著变化.
- SIOs成功地模拟了婴儿肠道发育,揭示了配方成分 (例如,乳酸菌乳酸菌,乳酸) 和它们的影响之间的相关性.
- 转录组和代谢组数据分析确定了婴儿配方奶粉影响的关键途径.
结论:
- SIO模型为评估婴儿配方奶粉对肠道发育和免疫功能的影响提供了一个强大的平台.
- 这种多组合的方法阐明了婴儿配方产生的婴儿肠道变化的机制.
- 开发的方法有助于评估营养效应和相互作用,支持未来的婴儿配方奶粉研究和开发.
相关概念视频
01:23Anatomy of the Intestines
Although digestion of proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids may begin in the stomach, it is completed in the intestine. The absorption of nutrients, water, and electrolytes from food and drink also occurs in the intestine. The intestines can be divided into two structurally distinct organs—the small and large intestines.
Small Intestines
The small intestine is an ~7 meter-long tube with an inner diameter of just 2.5 cm. Since most nutrients are absorbed here, the inner lining of the small...
Small Intestines
The small intestine is an ~7 meter-long tube with an inner diameter of just 2.5 cm. Since most nutrients are absorbed here, the inner lining of the small...
01:24Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Metabolism
In pediatric care, understanding the nuances of hepatic drug metabolism is crucial, as it significantly differs from that of adults. This divergence is primarily due to the developmental stage of drug-metabolizing enzymes, which affects how medications are processed in the body. In neonates, for instance, the activity of Phase I enzymes—critical for the initial breakdown of drugs—is markedly reduced, functioning at just 20–40% of the levels seen in adults. This reduction poses a challenge in...
01:30Designing Growth Media for Bioreactors
Growth media provide essential nutrients that support cell growth and metabolism, thereby enhancing the yield of valuable products such as enzymes, antibiotics, and biomass. Designing an effective growth medium involves balancing all components to prevent nutrient limitations or toxic excesses, both of which can impair growth and reduce product yields.Composition of a Typical Growth MediumA typical growth medium contains carbon and nitrogen sources, salts, vitamins, trace elements, and...
01:30Development of Human Microbiota
The human microbiota begins developing at birth and undergoes continual change as we age. Infancy marks a critical period of microbial sensitivity, offering a “window of opportunity” during which beneficial microbes help mature the immune system. By age three, children typically develop a more stable and diverse microbial community. Newborns acquire microbes from their immediate environment; vaginal delivery favors maternal vaginal microbes, while cesarean births favor microbes from the skin...
01:28Development of the Oral Microbiota
The establishment of the oral microbiome begins before birth, challenging the long-held belief that the fetal oral cavity is sterile. The presence of oral microbes such as Streptococcus and Fusobacterium in amniotic fluid suggests that microbial exposure may occur in utero, potentially through translocation from the maternal oral or gastrointestinal tract. This early colonization primes the neonatal immune system and sets the stage for subsequent microbial succession. Maternal health,...
01:21Microbiota Modulation by Antibiotics
Antibiotics have revolutionized modern medicine by saving countless lives from bacterial infections. However, their widespread use has inadvertently harmed the delicate balance of the human gut microbiota. The gut microbiota, a complex community of bacteria, archaea, viruses, and fungi, plays a vital role in regulating metabolism, immune responses, and maintaining intestinal health. Antibiotics, especially broad-spectrum types, disrupt this ecosystem by eradicating both harmful and beneficial...