在学校和托儿所选择退出疫苗接种:协调家长的权力和义务
Didde Boisen Andersen1, Viki Møller Lyngby Pedersen2
1Department of Health, VIVE, The Danish Center for Social Science Research, Aabyhoej, Denmark.
Bioethics
|August 19, 2024
概括
由于家长的犹,儿童疫苗接种率很低. 学校的选择退出疫苗接种计划利用认知偏见来增加免疫接种率,同时尊重父母的权威.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 行为科学 行为科学
- 儿科 儿科 儿科
背景情况:
- 父母对疫苗的犹越来越大,导致儿童免疫率低于最佳水平.
- 父母对疫苗接种的决定受到认知偏见的重大影响.
- 目前的疫苗接种做法需要重新评估,以解决疫苗接种率下降的问题.
研究的目的:
- 探索认知偏见如何影响父母对儿童疫苗接种的决定.
- 提出一个选择退出疫苗接种计划模型,以增加疫苗接种率.
- 展示如何使用选择架构来提高免疫率.
主要方法:
- 这项研究审查了有关父母疫苗决策和认知偏见的现有文献.
- 它分析了在学校或托儿所实施的选择退出疫苗接种计划的潜在影响.
- 考虑了这种计划的伦理和实际影响.
主要成果:
- 认知偏见,如默认偏见,可以被利用来增加疫苗接种率.
- 除非父母积极拒绝,否则接种疫苗是默认的选择退出疫苗接种计划,可以提高免疫率.
- 这种方法尊重父母的权威,允许他们选择退出.
结论:
- 在学校/托儿所中选择退出儿童疫苗接种计划并不是不尊重父母的权威.
- 这些计划将默认选择与父母广泛认为的道德义务,即为孩子接种疫苗,保持一致.
- 实施选择退出策略可以有效地提高儿童免疫覆盖率.
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