青少年身体活动对成年跑者骨矿物质密度的影响
Nodoka Ikegami1, Akiko Hatsukari2, Toshinao Kamikubo1
1Graduate School of Sport Sciences, Waseda University - Tokorozawa, Japan.
International journal of sports medicine
|August 19, 2024
概括
青少年长途跑步运动员的骨矿物质密度 (BMD) 较低,参与更多的跑步和不那么多样化的运动. 早期的体育专业化和高训练负载可能会增加年轻运动员低BMD的风险.
科学领域:
- 运动医学 运动医学
- 整形外科 整形外科 整形外科
- 运动生理学 运动生理学
背景情况:
- 低骨矿物质密度 (BMD) 是运动员,特别是耐力跑步运动员的担忧.
- 青春期是骨发育的关键时期,使运动员容易受到影响BMD的因素的影响.
- 了解青春期运动类型和训练量对运动类型和训练量的影响对于预防跑步者的低BMD至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 研究青少年运动类型,训练量和竞争性长途跑步运动员的低骨矿物质密度 (BMD) 之间的关系.
- 确定青少年时期的特定训练特征,这些特征可能会使跑步者容易患有低BMD.
主要方法:
- 追溯队列研究涉及125名竞争性长途跑步运动员 (64名男性,61名女性).
- 青少年时期的训练史通过问卷收集.
- 骨矿物质密度 (BMD) 用双能X射线吸收计 (DXA) 测量腰椎和全身的骨矿物质密度.
主要成果:
- 与正常的BMD相比,低BMD的男性跑步者在小学报告的跑步时间显著增加,多向负载活动减少.
- 低BMD的女性跑步者在中学参加了更多的多方向活动,但跑步量在各组之间是相似的.
- 在中学中,在低BMD的女跑者中观察到增加总体体育活动时间的趋势.
结论:
- 在青春期避免早期专注于长途跑步,可能会降低低骨矿物质密度的风险.
- 建议增加多向运动的比例,并在骨生长阶段管理训练负载,以减轻跑步者的低BMD风险.
- 这些发现强调了青春期多元化体育活动对于未来耐力运动员最佳骨健康的重要性.
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