身体炼干预对改善老年人群身体功能和生活质量的影响:随机对照试验的系统审查
Filza Shoukat1, Syed Shakil Ur Rehman1, Ashfaq Ahmed2
1Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Riphah International University, Lahore, Pakistan.
JPMA. The Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association
|August 20, 2024
概括
多组分运动干预措施显著改善老年人的身体功能和运动能力. 虽然生活质量和跌倒风险显示出不同的结果,但老年人群的整体功能健康从这些运动计划中受益.
科学领域:
- 老年学是一门学科.
- 运动科学 运动科学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 全球人口老龄化需要干预措施来维持身体功能和生活质量.
- 运动是影响老年人健康结果的关键可修改因素.
- 了解不同运动方式的具体益处对于有效的老年护理至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查运动干预措施对老年人身体功能和生活质量的有效性.
- 综合来自随机对照试验的证据,以分析运动对移动性,平衡,力量和跌倒风险的影响.
- 评估运动对老年人的心理社会方面和整体生活质量的影响.
主要方法:
- 系统审查遵循系统审查和元分析 (PRISMA) 准则的首选报告项目.
- 在Cochrane图书馆,PubMed,理疗证据数据库和Web of Science上进行的搜索,用于2012年1月至2021年12月的英语随机对照试验 (RCT).
- 纳入标准:年龄在60岁或以上,居住在社区或住宅设施中的个人,能够独立行走 (带有或没有辅助设备). 方法质量评估使用10分级.
主要成果:
- 在最初识别的1050项研究中,分析了14项RCT. 所有干预措施都涉及多元组件运动 (有氧,力量,平衡).
- 在移动性 (9/14试验) 和肌肉强度 (5/9试验) 中观察到显著改善.
- 对生活质量的影响是混合的 (1/14显示很少或没有改善),对跌倒风险的影响 (1/2显示积极影响). 平衡表现显示了不同的结果 (1/8显示没有影响).
结论:
- 多组分运动干预措施对老年人群的功能和心理健康产生了积极影响.
- 有针对性的炼计划可以提高老年人的运动能力和肌肉力量.
- 可能需要进一步的研究来优化干预措施,以持续改善生活质量和预防跌倒.
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