使用人工智能识别普通的胸部X射线图,用于自动报告
Louis Lind Plesner1, Felix C Müller1, Mathias W Brejnebøl1
1From the Department of Radiology, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, Borgmester Ib, Juuls vej 1 Herlev, Copenhagen 2730, Denmark (L.L.P., F.C.M., M.W.B., C.H.K., L.C.L., M.B.A.); Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark (L.L.P., M.W.B., C.H.K., M.B., M.B.A.); Radiological Artificial Intelligence Testcenter, RAIT.dk, Herlev, Denmark (L.L.P., F.C.M., M.W.B., C.H.K., M.B., M.B.A.); Department of Radiology, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark (M.W.B., M.B.); Department of Radiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark (F.R.); and Department of Cardiology, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark (O.W.N.).
人工智能 (AI) 可以正确排除在不显著的胸部X射线图中的病理,其特异性为24.5%-52.7%,灵敏度为98%. 与高灵敏度的放射学报告相比,这种AI工具显示了同等或更低的临界失误率.
科学领域:
- 放射学 放射学是一门学科.
- 医疗成像医学成像
- 医疗保健中的人工智能
背景情况:
- 放射科部门处理大量的胸部X光片.
- 人工智能 (AI) 通过自动化报告提供了潜在的工作流改善.
- 评估AI识别普通病例的能力对于其临床整合至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 确定人工智能工具在普通的胸部X射线图中正确排除病理的特异性.
- 评估AI是否可以在不增加诊断错误的情况下改善工作流程.
- 在识别关键发现时,将AI性能与人类放射学家进行比较.
主要方法:
- 1961年来自丹麦四家医院的成年人胸部X射线图的回顾性分析.
- 两个失明的胸部放射科医生为"非凡"与"非凡"的发现建立了一个参考标准.
- 一个商业AI工具的"显著性"概率被用来计算不同灵敏度的特异性.
主要成果:
- 参考标准确定37.2%的胸部X射线图是不显著的.
- 人工智能实现了24.5%至52.7%的特异性,灵敏度为98%至99.9%.
- 在95.4%的灵敏度下,AI有≤1.1%的临界失误,与放射学报告相比.
结论:
- 一个商业AI工具可以在24.5%-52.7%的普通胸部X射线图中排除病理,灵敏度≥98%.
- 在高灵敏度 (≥95.4%) 时,AI显示了与放射学报告相比的或较低的临界失误率.
- 建议进行前性研究,以验证这些发现的临床应用.
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