自杀预防 极端风险保护的影响 订单法律在四个州
Jeffrey W Swanson1, April M Zeoli2, Shannon Frattaroli2
1Dr. Swanson is a Professor and Dr. Easter is an Assistant Professor in Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, and both are faculty affiliates of the Wilson Center for Science and Justice, Duke University School of Law, Durham, NC. Dr. Zeoli is an Associate Professor in the Institute for Firearm Injury Prevention and the Department of Health Management and Policy, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI. Dr. Frattaroli is a Professor, Health Policy and Management, and Core Faculty, Center for Gun Violence Solutions at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health. Dr. Kapoor is an Associate Professor of Psychiatry and Dr. Norko is a Professor of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT. Dr. Kapoor is Director of Forensic Services and Dr. Norko is a Forensic Policy Advisor, Connecticut Department of Mental Health and Addiction Services, Hartford, CT. Dr. Betz is a Professor and Director of the Firearm Injury Prevention Initiative, Department of Emergency Medicine and Dr. Knoepke is an Assistant Professor of Cardiology and Law Enforcement Lead, Firearm Injury Prevention Initiative, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, Dr. Pear is Assistant Professor in Residence, Violence Prevention Research Program, Department of Emergency Medicine and Dr. Wintemute is a Professor and the Susan P. Baker-Stephen P. Teret Chair in Violence Prevention, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA. Dr. Rowhani- Rahbar is the Bartley Dobb Professor for the Study and Prevention of Violence, Professor of Epidemiology and Pediatrics, and Director of the Firearm Injury & Policy Research Program and Ms. Schleimer is a PhD Candidate, Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, and a Research Data Analyst at the Violence Prevention Research Program, Department of Emergency Medicine, University of California, Davis. jeffrey.swanson@duke.edu.
极端风险保护令 (ERPO) 可以通过暂时限制高风险个人使用枪支来挽救生命. 研究表明,可能需要13-23个ERPO来防止一个自杀,突出了它们的有效性.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 犯罪学 犯罪学
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 与枪支相关的伤害占美国自杀死亡人数的一半以上.
- 极端风险保护令 (ERPO) 暂时限制被认为是迫在眉的风险的个人使用枪支.
- 关于ERPO在预防自杀方面的有效性存在有限的大规模研究.
研究的目的:
- 评估ERPO在预防自杀方面的有效性.
- 为了估计挽救生命的数量,需要ERPO来避免一个自杀.
主要方法:
- 在加利福尼亚州,康涅狄格州,马里兰州和华盛顿州收集了4,583名ERPO受访者的记录.
- 与自杀死者的ERPO记录进行匹配,并确定了自我伤害的方法.
- 应用病例死亡率来估计自杀企图,并计算了挽救的生命和需要的ERPO.
主要成果:
- 估计需要17-23个ERPO来防止一个自杀.
- 对于那些有记录自杀担忧的受访者来说,估计需要13-18个ERPO.
- 调查结果表明,ERPOs是一个重要的自杀预防工具.
结论:
- 在预防自杀方面,ERPO已经证明了其有效性.
- 该研究提供了关于ERPO对减少自杀死亡的影响的关键数据.
- 在预防自杀的公共卫生战略中,ERPO是重要的工具.
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