在灵长类人体感官皮层中解开时间和速率代码
Thierri Callier1, Thomas Gitchell2, Michael A Harvey3
1Committee on Computational Neuroscience, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60627 tcallier@gmail.com.
概括
神经时间模式,而不是发射率,编码体感皮层 (S1) 中的振动频率. 这个时间代码解释了触摸感知,即使振幅变化偏差判断.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 感官编码 感官编码
- 身体感官系统 身体感官系统
背景情况:
- 触觉神经元中精确的时间尖峰模式编码了外围感官信息.
- 在新皮质功能中,特别是体感皮质 (S1) 中,毫秒级时的作用受到争论.
- 振动频率信息通过相锁在S1响应中存在,但尖峰时间和速率贡献是混的.
研究的目的:
- 在S1.的编码振动频率中,解开尖峰定时与发射速率在编码振动频率中的作用.
- 为了确定这些神经编码特征如何与频率歧视任务中的行为表现有关.
- 研究振幅变化对频率感知和神经编码的影响.
主要方法:
- 记录了 rhesus macaques 在执行触觉频率歧视任务时的 S1 神经反应.
- 操纵振动频率和振幅直角,以分离它们的效果.
- 评估了尖峰时间和射击速度对动物表现和行为偏差的预测能力.
主要成果:
- 动物可以区分频率,但表现受到振幅变化的偏差.
- 基于速率的频率神经表示易受振幅变化的影响,但与行为偏差不一致.
- 基于时间的神经表现对频率和强大的振幅变化有信息,也与行为不一致.
结论:
- 在S1中,频率编码主要依赖于时间尖峰模式,而不是发射率.
- 一个包含频率的时间代码的模型,根据感知大小 (幅度) 调节,解释行为表现.
- 毫秒级的时间模式,而不是整体的神经活动率,是S1.1中振动频率编码的关键机制.
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