Jove
Visualize
联系我们
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
关于 JoVE
概览领导团队博客JoVE 帮助中心
作者
出版流程编辑委员会范围与政策同行评审常见问题投稿
图书馆员
用户评价订阅访问资源图书馆顾问委员会常见问题
研究
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments存档
教育
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab Manual教师资源中心教师网站
使用条款与条件
隐私政策
政策

相关概念视频

Language and Cognition01:27

Language and Cognition

339
Language serves as a bridge between ideas and communication, influencing how individuals perceive and interact with the world. Psychologists have long debated whether language shapes thought or vice versa. This discussion gained grip with Edward Sapir and Benjamin Lee Whorf in the 1940s, who proposed that language determines thought, a concept known as linguistic determinism. They suggested that the vocabulary and structure of a language influence how its speakers think and perceive reality.
339
Lateralization01:28

Lateralization

317
Brain lateralization refers to the division of mental processes and functions between the two hemispheres of the brain, a phenomenon that optimizes neural efficiency and underpins complex abilities in humans. This specialization allows each hemisphere to perform tasks where it has a comparative advantage, facilitating more refined cognitive capabilities across different domains.
317
Cognitivism01:17

Cognitivism

1.4K
Cognitive psychology emerged as a significant field in the mid-20th century. It focused on understanding humans' internal mental processes. This approach emphasizes how people perceive, remember, think, and solve problems—elements critical to human cognition.
Previously dominated by behaviorism, which prioritized observable behaviors and largely ignored mental processes, psychology transformed in the 1950s. Cognitive psychologists argue that understanding how we think and process...
1.4K
Neuroplasticity01:01

Neuroplasticity

315
Neuroplasticity reflects the brain's remarkable capacity to adapt and evolve, responding dynamically to learning, experiences, or injury by reorganizing its neural circuitry. This reorganization involves creating new neural connections and refining old ones through a series of biological processes that contribute to the brain's lifelong development and adaptability.
315
Higher Mental Functions of the Brain: Language01:10

Higher Mental Functions of the Brain: Language

774
Language is a system of communication that allows the expression of thoughts, ideas, and feelings. The brain processes language in both hemispheres.
Language formation and comprehension take place in the dominant hemisphere. The dominant hemisphere is responsible for understanding the meaning of spoken, written, or sign language, as well as the ability to communicate. For most people, the left hemisphere is the dominant one. The right hemisphere, then, gives tone and emotional context to the...
774
Revisionist Views of Adolescent and Adult Cognition01:24

Revisionist Views of Adolescent and Adult Cognition

28
A revisionist approach to Jean Piaget's theory of cognitive development has brought new insights that challenge and reinterpret his established ideas. Piaget proposed that the formal operational stage, emerging in adolescence, represents the culmination of cognitive maturity. During this stage, individuals are said to develop abstract thinking, engage in systematic problem-solving, and show a form of egocentrism, believing others are as preoccupied with their behavior as they are...
28

您也可能阅读

相关文章

通过共同作者、期刊和引用图与本文相关的文章。

排序
Same author

Biological sex and bilingualism: Its impact on risk and resilience for dementia.

Alzheimer's & dementia (Amsterdam, Netherlands)·2026
Same author

Cognitive reserve is associated with less cognitive decline from white matter hyperintensities.

Neurobiology of aging·2025
Same author

Natural Speech Analysis Can Reveal Individual Differences in Executive Function Across the Adult Lifespan.

Journal of speech, language, and hearing research : JSLHR·2025
Same author

Cognitive Reserve Disrupts Cognitive Decline from White Matter Hyperintensities.

medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences·2025
Same author

Beyond executive functioning: rethinking the impact of bilingualism.

Trends in cognitive sciences·2025
Same author

Selective attention in cognitive processing revisited: A Long-term Re-evaluation.

Brain and language·2024

相关实验视频

Updated: Jun 16, 2025

Examining Bilingual Language Control Using the Stroop Task
05:31

Examining Bilingual Language Control Using the Stroop Task

Published on: February 26, 2020

14.6K

双语通过适应而改变认知,而不是转移.

Ellen Bialystok1

  • 1Department of Psychology, York University, 4700 Keele Street, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada.

Trends in cognitive sciences
|August 20, 2024
PubMed
概括

双语者可能会提高认知能力,不是通过语言转移,而是通过调整他们的注意力系统来提高效率. 这种适应导致双语人士在需要注意力的任务上表现更好.

科学领域:

  • 认知神经科学 认知神经科学
  • 心理语言学 心理语言学
  • 认知心理学 认知心理学

背景情况:

  • 主流理论认为,双语通过语言处理转移来增强执行功能.
  • 然而,经验证据经常与这种转移假设相矛盾,特别是在语言和非语言认知领域.
  • 双语认知优势的替代机制需要研究.

研究的目的:

  • 提出并争辩双语认知效应的替代解释.
  • 通过突出其局限性,挑战传统的"转移"模式.
  • 引入"注意力适应"假说作为一个更合理的解释.

主要方法:

  • 基于现有经验证据的理论论证.
  • 概念分析对比了"转移"和"适应"模型.
  • 检查任务需求,特别是注意力,如何影响绩效结果.

主要成果:

  • 有证据表明,语言过程直接转移到非语言认知是不太可能的.
  • "适应"模型认为,双语提高了基础注意力系统的效率.
  • 双语者在需要大量注意力资源的任务中表现得更好,而不管任务的相似性如何.

结论:

关键词:
关注注意力注意力注意力注意力双语主义是一种双语.认知 认知 认知神经可塑性 神经可塑性

更多相关视频

Examining Recall Memory in Infancy and Early Childhood Using the Elicited Imitation Paradigm
06:35

Examining Recall Memory in Infancy and Early Childhood Using the Elicited Imitation Paradigm

Published on: April 28, 2016

33.9K
Experience is Instrumental in Tuning a Link Between Language and Cognition: Evidence from 6- to 7- Month-Old Infants' Object Categorization
05:35

Experience is Instrumental in Tuning a Link Between Language and Cognition: Evidence from 6- to 7- Month-Old Infants' Object Categorization

Published on: April 19, 2017

6.7K

相关实验视频

Last Updated: Jun 16, 2025

Examining Bilingual Language Control Using the Stroop Task
05:31

Examining Bilingual Language Control Using the Stroop Task

Published on: February 26, 2020

14.6K
Examining Recall Memory in Infancy and Early Childhood Using the Elicited Imitation Paradigm
06:35

Examining Recall Memory in Infancy and Early Childhood Using the Elicited Imitation Paradigm

Published on: April 28, 2016

33.9K
Experience is Instrumental in Tuning a Link Between Language and Cognition: Evidence from 6- to 7- Month-Old Infants' Object Categorization
05:35

Experience is Instrumental in Tuning a Link Between Language and Cognition: Evidence from 6- to 7- Month-Old Infants' Object Categorization

Published on: April 19, 2017

6.7K
  • 双语经验通过注意力系统的适应导致认知修改,提高其效率.
  • 一个任务所需的注意力程度,而不是任务相似性,是双语优势的更好的预测指标.
  • 双语者可能需要较少的注意力努力来达到可比的性能水平,并且在注意力密集的任务上表现优于单语者.