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在早产婴儿中自闭症查和诊断结果

Taralee Hamner¹, Georgina Perez Liz², Kiva Kelly²

¹Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA.

Developmental medicine and child neurology

|August 21, 2024

概括

使用修改的自闭症检查清单用于自闭症在幼儿中,修订,随访 (M-CHAT-R/F) 的自闭症查对早产婴儿有效. 在极度早产的婴儿中观察到更高的自闭症率,这表明查不应该推迟.

科学领域:

发育儿科发育儿科
新生儿科学新生儿科学
自闭症谱系障碍研究研究

背景情况:

过早出生是发育差异的危险因素,包括自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD).
在早产婴儿中早期发现ASD对于及时干预至关重要.
幼儿自闭症修改后检查清单,修订后,随访 (M-CHAT-R/F) 是一个广泛使用的查工具.

研究的目的:

评估M-CHAT-R/F在早产婴儿中的表现.
根据妊娠年龄评估查和诊断结果.
检查在早产人口中查后的诊断评估出席率.

主要方法:

对9725名幼儿进行横截面研究,这些幼儿在健康儿童检查中使用M-CHAT-R/F进行查.
查表现和诊断结果的分析通过早产分类 (极度,非常,中度,全产) 进行分层.
对查阳性病例的诊断评估出席率的评估.

主要成果:

在极度早产婴儿 (51.35%) 中,查阳性率最高,在满期婴儿 (6.95%) 中最低.
与满期婴儿 (1.49%) 相比,极度早产婴儿 (16.05%) 的自闭症诊断率显着更高.
随着妊娠年龄的增加,M-CHAT-R/F敏感性下降,但特异性提高;极度早产和满期婴儿的积极预测值最高.

结论:

M-CHAT-R/F显示了可接受的灵敏度和特异性,用于早产幼儿的自闭症查.
自闭症查阳性率和患病率随着早产早产的增加而增加.
极度早产的婴儿患自闭症的可能性最高,支持没有调整年龄延迟的查.

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Autism Spectrum Disorder

Autism Spectrum Disorder

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition marked by persistent deficits in social communication and interaction alongside restrictive and repetitive behaviors or interests. ASD is sometimes accompanied by intellectual impairment.
These core symptoms manifest differently among individuals, ranging from mild to severe. The disorder's complexity extends beyond its clinical presentation, encompassing a diverse range of biological, cognitive, and sociocultural influences.